{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinate",
  "slug": "astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinate",
  "name": "Astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": null,
    "cas_number": "578006-46-9",
    "inchikey": "RIIRCPGONIAIKZ-DNZDLDDESA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 165362824
  },
  "functional_class": null,
  "summary": "Astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate is a synthetic, more stable form of astaxanthin, used in feed to colour the flesh of farmed salmon and trout.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced by chemical synthesis, with the succinate groups added to improve stability and handling.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 73.37",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-73.37"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "578006-46-9",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Astaxanthin dimethylsuccinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "RIIRCPGONIAIKZ-DNZDLDDESA-N",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "4-O-[(1S)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(4S)-4-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexen-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-en-1-yl] 1-O-methyl butanedioate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinate. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.425Z"
}