{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/benzoic-acid",
  "slug": "benzoic-acid",
  "name": "Benzoic acid",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E210",
    "ins_number": "210",
    "cas_number": "65-85-0",
    "inchikey": "WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 243
  },
  "functional_class": "Preservative",
  "summary": "Benzoic acid is a preservative effective against yeasts and moulds in acidic foods. It occurs naturally in cranberries, prunes and cinnamon, and is added to soft drinks, pickles and sauces.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced industrially by oxidising toluene, a petroleum feedstock. The naturally occurring form in fruit is chemically identical but is not the commercial source.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1021",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1021"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 62,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.4",
            "name": "Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 457",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 01.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.7",
            "name": "Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt)"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & 614",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 01.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.2.2",
            "name": "Fat spreads, dairy fat spreads and blended spreads"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 529 & XS253",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 02.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.3",
            "name": "Fat emulsions mainly of type oil-in-water, including mixed and/or flavoured products based on fat emulsions"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 02.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.4",
            "name": "Fat-based desserts excluding dairy-based dessert products of food category 01.7"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 02.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.10",
            "name": "Fermented fruit products"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.10",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.11",
            "name": "Fruit fillings for pastries"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.11",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.12",
            "name": "Cooked fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.12",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.2",
            "name": "Dried fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.3",
            "name": "Fruit in vinegar, oil, or brine"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.5",
            "name": ""
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.6",
            "name": "Fruit-based spreads (e.g. chutney) excluding products of food category"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & 568",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.7",
            "name": "Candied fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.8",
            "name": "Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & XS314R",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.9",
            "name": "Fruit-based desserts, incl. fruit-flavoured water-based desserts"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.1.2.9",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.2",
            "name": "Dried vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds, and nuts and seeds"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, XS323R & XS336R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.2.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.3",
            "name": "Vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds in vinegar, oil, brine, or soybean sauce"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.2.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.5",
            "name": "Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed purees and spreads (e.g. peanut butter)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & XS57",
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.2.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.6",
            "name": "Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed pulps and preparations (e.g. vegetable desserts and sauces, candied vegetables) other than food category 04.2.2.5"
          },
          "max_level": 3000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, XS57, XS259R & XS308R",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.2.2.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & XS294",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.8",
            "name": "Cooked or fried vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, XS323R & XS334R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 04.2.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.3",
            "name": "Cocoa-based spreads, incl. fillings"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & XS86",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 05.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.5",
            "name": "Imitation chocolate, chocolate substitute products"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 05.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2",
            "name": "Confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc. other than food categories 05.1, 05.3, and 05.4"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & XS309R",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 05.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.3",
            "name": "Chewing gum"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2005",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 05.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.4",
            "name": "Decorations (e.g. for fine bakery wares), toppings (non-fruit), and sweet sauces"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 05.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.3",
            "name": "Pre-cooked pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & XS249",
          "effective_from": "2019",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 06.4.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.5",
            "name": "Cereal and starch based desserts (e.g. rice pudding, tapioca pudding)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 06.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "07.0",
            "name": "Bakery wares"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 07.0",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.2.1.2",
            "name": "Cured (including salted) and dried non-heat treated processed meat, poultry, and game products in whole pieces or cuts"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 3 & 13",
          "effective_from": "2005",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 08.2.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.3.1.2",
            "name": "Cured (including salted) and dried non-heat treated processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 3 & 13",
          "effective_from": "2005",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 08.3.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.2",
            "name": "Cooked molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & 82",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 09.2.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.5",
            "name": "Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 200,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 121, 333, XS167, XS189, XS222 & XS236",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 09.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.3",
            "name": "Semi-preserved fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 120 & XS291",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 09.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.2.1",
            "name": "Liquid egg products"
          },
          "max_level": 5000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 10.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.4",
            "name": "Egg-based desserts (e.g. custard)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 10.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.6",
            "name": "Table-top sweeteners, including those containing high-intensity sweeteners"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 11.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.2.2",
            "name": "Seasonings and condiments"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.3",
            "name": "Vinegars"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.4",
            "name": "Mustards"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.5",
            "name": "Soups and broths"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 338 & 339",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.6",
            "name": "Sauces and like products"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.7",
            "name": "Salads (e.g. macaroni salad, potato salad) and sandwich spreads excluding cocoa-and nut-based spreads of food categories 04.2.2.5 and 05.1.3"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.9.1",
            "name": "Fermented soybean paste (e.g. miso)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.9.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.9.2",
            "name": "Soybean sauce"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 12.9.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.3",
            "name": "Dietetic foods intended for special medical purposes (excluding products of food category 13.1)"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & 566",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 13.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.4",
            "name": "Dietetic formulae for slimming purposes and weight reduction"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 13.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.5",
            "name": "Dietetic foods (e.g. supplementary foods for dietary use) excluding products of food categories"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 13.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.6",
            "name": "Food supplements"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 13.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.2.1",
            "name": "Fruit juice"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 91, 122 & XS356R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.2.3",
            "name": "Concentrates for fruit juice"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 91, 122 & 127",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.1",
            "name": "Fruit nectar"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 91 & 122",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.3.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.3",
            "name": "Concentrates for fruit nectar"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13, 91, 122 & 127",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.3.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.4",
            "name": "Concentrates for vegetable nectar"
          },
          "max_level": 600,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.3.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.4",
            "name": "Water-based flavoured drinks, including \"sport,\" “energy,” or \"electrolyte\" drinks and particulated drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 250,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.5",
            "name": "Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.2.2",
            "name": "Cider and perry"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13 & 124",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.2.4",
            "name": "Wines (other than grape)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.2.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.2.5",
            "name": "Mead"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.2.7",
            "name": "Aromatized alcoholic beverages (e.g. beer, wine and spirituous cooler-type beverages, low-alcoholic refreshers)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2003",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 14.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "15.1",
            "name": "Snacks - potato, cereal, flour or starch based (from roots and tubers, pulses and legumes)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 13",
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 210, food category 15.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "65-85-0",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "8SKN0B0MIM",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Acid, Benzoic",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Acide benzoique",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Acido benzoico",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Acidum benzoicum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aromatic carboxylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzenecarboxylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzeneformic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzenemethanoic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzenemethonic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoate (VAN)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoate, Potassium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "BENZOATES",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoesaeure",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoesaeure GK",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoesaeure GV",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid (e 210)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid (natural)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid (Standard)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid, tech.",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic-1-13C acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoicum acidum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "carboxybenzene",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "CAS-65-85-0",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Caswell No. 081",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CCRIS 1893",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Diacylate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Diacylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dracylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 210",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009101",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eyelids Wipes",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "FEMA No. 2131",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "HA 1 (acid)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "HSDB 704",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "hydron;benzoate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.210",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-210",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kyselina benzoova",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Menno-florades",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oracylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Phenyl carboxylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "phenylcarboxylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "phenylformic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Provita",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Provita Combat",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Provita Equiband",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Retarder BA",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Retardex",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rheumatism Diarrhea",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Salvo liquid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Salvo powder",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium benzoic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Solvo powder",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tenn-Plas",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tennplas",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Unisept BZA",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vevovitall",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Whitfield's",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E210",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "210",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [
    {
      "type": "ADI",
      "value": 5,
      "value_text": null,
      "unit": "mg/kg bw/day",
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA ANS",
      "year": 2016,
      "opinion": {
        "ref": "doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4433",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4433"
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ADI",
      "value": 5,
      "value_text": null,
      "unit": "mg/kg bw/day",
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA FEEDAP",
      "year": 2005,
      "opinion": null
    },
    {
      "type": "ADI",
      "value": 300,
      "value_text": null,
      "unit": "mg/person/day",
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA",
      "year": null,
      "opinion": null
    },
    {
      "type": "TDI",
      "value": 5,
      "value_text": null,
      "unit": "mg/kg bw/day",
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA CEF",
      "year": 2009,
      "opinion": {
        "ref": "doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.961",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.961"
      }
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Benzoic acid\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/benzoic-acid. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.430Z"
}