{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/caramel-iv-sulfite-ammonia-caramel",
  "slug": "caramel-iv-sulfite-ammonia-caramel",
  "name": "Caramel IV - sulfite ammonia caramel",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E150d",
    "ins_number": "150d",
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": null,
    "pubchem_cid": null
  },
  "functional_class": "Colour",
  "summary": "Caramel IV is the sulfite ammonia class and the most widely used of the four: it is the colour in cola drinks. It carries a negative charge in solution, which keeps it stable in acidic beverages.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced by heating food-grade carbohydrates with both sulfite and ammonium compounds. As with Caramel III, limits are set on 4-methylimidazole formed during manufacture.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 82,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.4",
            "name": "Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 52",
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.2",
            "name": "Renneted milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.3.2",
            "name": "Beverage whiteners"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS250 & XS252",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.3.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.4.4",
            "name": "Cream analogues"
          },
          "max_level": 5000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2009",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.4.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.5.2",
            "name": "Milk and cream powder analogues"
          },
          "max_level": 5000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS251",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.5.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.1",
            "name": "Unripened cheese"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 201, XS221, XS273, XS262 & XS275",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.6.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.2.1",
            "name": "Ripened cheese, includes rind"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 201, XS208, XS263, XS264, XS265, XS266, XS267, XS268, XS269, XS270, XS271, XS272, XS274, XS276, XS277, XS278",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.6.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.2.2",
            "name": "Rind of ripened cheese"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.6.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.4.2",
            "name": "Flavoured processed cheese, including containing fruit, vegetables, meat, etc."
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 72",
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.6.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.5",
            "name": "Cheese analogues"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 201",
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.6.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.7",
            "name": "Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt)"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 01.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.2.2",
            "name": "Fat spreads, dairy fat spreads and blended spreads"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS253",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 02.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.4",
            "name": "Fat-based desserts excluding dairy-based dessert products of food category 01.7"
          },
          "max_level": 20000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2009",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 02.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "03.0",
            "name": "Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 03.0",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.11",
            "name": "Fruit fillings for pastries"
          },
          "max_level": 7500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.11",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.3",
            "name": "Fruit in vinegar, oil, or brine"
          },
          "max_level": 7500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.4",
            "name": "Canned or bottled (pasteurized) fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 7500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 267",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.5",
            "name": ""
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.6",
            "name": "Fruit-based spreads (e.g. chutney) excluding products of food category"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS160",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.7",
            "name": "Candied fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 7500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.8",
            "name": "Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk"
          },
          "max_level": 7500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 182 & XS314R",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.9",
            "name": "Fruit-based desserts, incl. fruit-flavoured water-based desserts"
          },
          "max_level": 7500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2011",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.1.2.9",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.3",
            "name": "Vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds in vinegar, oil, brine, or soybean sauce"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS38, XS66, XS260 & 658",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.2.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.4",
            "name": "Canned or bottled (pasteurized) or retort pouch vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS13, XS38, XS57, XS145, XS241, XS257R & XS258R",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.2.2.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.5",
            "name": "Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed purees and spreads (e.g. peanut butter)"
          },
          "max_level": 400,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS57",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.2.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.8",
            "name": "Cooked or fried vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds"
          },
          "max_level": 20000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS323R, XS334R & 662",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 04.2.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.2",
            "name": "Cocoa mixes (syrups)"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 05.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.3",
            "name": "Cocoa-based spreads, incl. fillings"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS86",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 05.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.4",
            "name": "Cocoa and chocolate products"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 183",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 05.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.5",
            "name": "Imitation chocolate, chocolate substitute products"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 05.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2",
            "name": "Confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc. other than food categories 05.1, 05.3, and 05.4"
          },
          "max_level": 50000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS309R",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 150d, food category 05.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
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}