{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/choline-bitartrate",
  "slug": "choline-bitartrate",
  "name": "Choline bitartrate",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": null,
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": "QWJSAWXRUVVRLH-LREBCSMRSA-M",
    "pubchem_cid": 6900
  },
  "functional_class": null,
  "summary": "Choline bitartrate is a choline salt used in supplements and fortified foods, chosen for being less hygroscopic than the chloride.",
  "derivation_summary": "Made by combining synthetic choline with tartaric acid recovered from winemaking.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 182.8250",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-182.8250"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "87-67-2",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium bitartrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium-L-(+)-tartrate salt (1:1)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate, (R-(R*,R*))-",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)ammonium;(2R,3R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxo-butanoate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;(2R,3R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bitartrate, Choline",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CHOLINE (AS BITARTRATE)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline (bitartrate) (Standard)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CHOLINE BITARTRATE",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline bitartrate, anhydrous",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline bitartrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline hydrogen tartrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline tartrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline tartrate (1:1)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline, tartrate (1:1) salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "HSDB 983",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tartaric acid, ion(1-), choline",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium (2R,3R)-3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2-Hydroxyethanaminium,-N,N,N-trimethyl-, (R-(R*,R*))-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (1:1)",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-(R-(R*,R*))-, ion(1-), 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (1:1)",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, salt with (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1)",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, salt with (R-(R*,R*))-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1)",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, salt with (theta-(theta,theta))-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1)",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Choline bitartrate",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Choline bitartrate\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/choline-bitartrate. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.481Z"
}