{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/cochineal-extract-carmine",
  "slug": "cochineal-extract-carmine",
  "name": "Cochineal extract; carmine",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": null,
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": null,
    "pubchem_cid": null
  },
  "functional_class": null,
  "summary": "This is the United States listing for the colour obtained from cochineal insects, covering both the crude extract and the purified carmine lake. US labelling rules require it to be named explicitly rather than hidden under a general colour declaration, because of allergic reactions in a small number of people.",
  "derivation_summary": "Extracted from the dried bodies of the female cochineal scale insect, Dactylopius coccus. Because it is insect-derived it is neither vegan nor vegetarian, and it raises questions under some halal and kosher rulings.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 73.100",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-73.100"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "Cochineal extract; carmine",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Cochineal extract; carmine\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/cochineal-extract-carmine. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.484Z"
}