{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/cyclodextrin-beta",
  "slug": "cyclodextrin-beta",
  "name": "Cyclodextrin, beta-",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E459",
    "ins_number": "459",
    "cas_number": "7585-39-9",
    "inchikey": "WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 444041
  },
  "functional_class": "Thickener",
  "summary": "Beta-cyclodextrin is a ring-shaped sugar with a hollow centre, used to trap and protect flavours, to mask bitterness, and to remove cholesterol from dairy products.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced by treating starch with cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase, an enzyme that closes chains of seven glucose units into a ring. The ring's interior is water-repelling, which is what lets it hold a guest molecule.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 8,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.4",
            "name": "Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 5,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 622",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 01.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.1",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), not heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": 5,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 234, 235 & 634",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 01.2.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.2",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": 5,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 234 & 634",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 01.2.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.7",
            "name": "Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt)"
          },
          "max_level": 5,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 622",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 01.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.3",
            "name": "Chewing gum"
          },
          "max_level": 20000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 05.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.3",
            "name": "Pre-cooked pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 153 & XS364R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 06.4.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.4",
            "name": "Water-based flavoured drinks, including \"sport,\" “energy,” or \"electrolyte\" drinks and particulated drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2001",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 14.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "15.1",
            "name": "Snacks - potato, cereal, flour or starch based (from roots and tubers, pulses and legumes)"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2004",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 459, food category 15.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "37331-89-8",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "7585-39-9",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "-Cyclodextrin(Discontinued,See C4X-25742)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": ".beta.-Cyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1dmb",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2zyn",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "ALFADEX IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "b-Cyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "BETA BYCLODEXTRIN",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Beta cyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-CD",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-cyclo-dextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-Cycloamylose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Beta-cyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-Cyclodextrin, >=97%",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-Cyclodextrin, produced by Wacker Chemie AG, Burghausen, Germany",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-cyclodextrine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-Cyclodextrins",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-Cycloheptaamylose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-Dextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Beta-schardinger dextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betacd",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "betacyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betadex",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betadex (NF/INN)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betadex CRS",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betadex, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betadex;Alfadex EP Impurity A",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "betadexum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CAVAMAX W7",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CCRIS 651",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "cyclo-epta-amylose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cyclodextrin B",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CYCLODEXTRIN, BETA-",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cycloheptaamylose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cycloheptaglucan",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cycloheptaglucosan",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CYCLOHEPTAKIS-(1->4)-(.ALPHA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cycloheptapentylose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cyclomaltoheptaose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dextrin, beta-cyclo",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 459",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "heptakis(hydroxymethyl)[?]tetradecol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.459",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-459",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "JV039JZZ3A",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kleptose",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kleptose B",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maltodecaose DP10",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oristar bcd",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rhodocap N",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ringdex B",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ringdex BL",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ringdex-b",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Schardinger A-Dextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Schardinger beta-dextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "ss-Cyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "SULFOBUTYLBETADEX SODIUM IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "yena-Cyclodextrin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E459",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "459",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "(1S,3R,5R,6S,8R,10R,11S,13R,15R,16S,18R,20R,21S,23R,25R,26S,28R,30R,31S,33R,35R,36R,37R,38R,39R,40R,41R,42R,43R,44R,45R,46R,47R,48R,49R)-5,10,15,20,25,30,35-heptakis(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,7,9,12,14,17,19,22,24,27,29,32,34-tetradecaoxaoctacyclo[31.2.2.2~3,6~.",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Betadex; Cycloheptakis-(1?4)-(a-d-glucopyranosyl) (cyclomaltoheptaose);  Cycloheptakis-(1?4)-(a-d-glucopyranosyl) ss-cyclodextrin",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [
    {
      "type": "ADI",
      "value": 5,
      "value_text": null,
      "unit": "mg/kg bw/day",
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA ANS",
      "year": 2016,
      "opinion": {
        "ref": "doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4628",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4628"
      }
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Cyclodextrin, beta-\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/cyclodextrin-beta. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.495Z"
}