{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/disodium-inosinate",
  "slug": "disodium-inosinate",
  "name": "Disodium inosinate",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E631",
    "ins_number": "631",
    "cas_number": "4691-65-0",
    "inchikey": "AANLCWYVVNBGEE-IDIVVRGQSA-L",
    "pubchem_cid": 135414245
  },
  "functional_class": "Flavour enhancer",
  "summary": "Disodium inosinate is a flavour enhancer used with MSG, which it multiplies rather than merely adds to: the pair together give far more umami than either alone. It is in most savoury snack seasonings.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced by bacterial fermentation of a carbohydrate feedstock, though it can also be extracted from meat or fish, in which case it would not be vegetarian. The route is not usually declared.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 172.535",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.535"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 11,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 631",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 279",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.2",
            "name": "Dried pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 256",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 06.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry, and game"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 08.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.1",
            "name": "Frozen fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 95, XS36, XS92, XS95, XS165, XS190, XS191, XS292, XS312 & XS315",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 09.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen battered fish, fish fillets and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 309 & XS166",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 09.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.3",
            "name": "Frozen minced and creamed fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 311",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 09.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4",
            "name": "Cooked and/or fried fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 312",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 09.2.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.5",
            "name": "Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 29, XS167, XS189, XS222, XS236, XS244 & XS311",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 09.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.1.2",
            "name": "Salt substitutes"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 12.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.5",
            "name": "Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 201",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 631, food category 14.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "4691-65-0",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "5'-IMP 2Na",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "5'-Imp disodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "5'-IMPdisodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "5'-INOSINIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "5'-Inosinic acid, sodium salt (1:2)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "5?Inosinic Acid Disodium Salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CCRIS 6560",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disodium 5'-inosinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "disodium 5'-O-phosphonatoinosine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "disodium 5’-inosinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disodium inosinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disodium inosine 5'-monophosphate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disodium inosine 5'-phosphate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disodium inosine-5'-monophosphate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 631",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 631 (FOOD ENHANCEMENT AGENT)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "FEMA No. 3669",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "IMP",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "IMP disodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "IMP sodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "IMP.Na2",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosic Acid Disodium Salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosin-5'-monophosphate disodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "inosin-5’-monophosphatedisodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosinate, Sodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "inosine 5'-monophosphoric acid disodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine monophosphate disodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine-5 inverted exclamation mark -monophosphate Disodium Salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine-5'-monophosphate disodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine-5'-monophosphateDisodiumSalt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inosine-5'-monophosphoric acid disodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.631",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-631",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ribotide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium 5'-inosinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium inosinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium Inosine 5'-Phosphate (2:1)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium isosin-monophosphate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "T2ZYA7KC05",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E631",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "631",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "[(3S,2R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-oxohydropurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydr ogen phosphate, sodium salt, sodium salt",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "disodium [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-hydroxy-9H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "disodium [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "disodium;[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "sodium ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-hydroxy-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl phosphate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disodium inosinate",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Disodium inosinate\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/disodium-inosinate. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.515Z"
}