{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/glycerin",
  "slug": "glycerin",
  "name": "Glycerin",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E422",
    "ins_number": "422",
    "cas_number": "56-81-5",
    "inchikey": "PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 753
  },
  "functional_class": "Thickener",
  "summary": "Glycerol, sold as glycerin, is a sweet-tasting liquid used as a humectant to keep foods moist — in baked goods, confectionery, dried fruit and low-fat spreads.",
  "derivation_summary": "Obtained as a by-product of soap manufacture and biodiesel production, or by hydrolysing fats and oils. Those fats may be plant or animal, and glycerin can also be made synthetically from petroleum. The route is not declared, which makes this a genuinely open question on a label.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 182.1320",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-182.1320"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 15,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 422",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.2",
            "name": "Renneted milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 01.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS260 & XS294",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.1",
            "name": "Fresh pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 211",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 06.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1.1",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry and game, whole pieces or cuts"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16 & 326",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 08.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1.2",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry and game, comminuted"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 08.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen battered fish, fish fillets and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 41 & XS166",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 09.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.3",
            "name": "Frozen minced and creamed fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 09.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.1",
            "name": "Cooked fish and fish products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 241",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 09.2.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.3",
            "name": "Fried fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 41",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 09.2.4.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.5",
            "name": "Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 300, XS167, XS189, XS222, XS236, XS244 & XS311",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 09.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen egg products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 10.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 258",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.1.2",
            "name": "Salt substitutes"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 12.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.5",
            "name": "Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 160",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 422, food category 14.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "56-81-5",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2,3-Propanetriol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2,3-trihydroxypropane",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "90 Technical glycerine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antizom",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "blink boost",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brazilian Firm",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Citifluor AF 2",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clyzerin, wasserfrei",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dagralax",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dryness Relief",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 422",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "FEMA No. 2525",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Firming",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glicerina",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glicerol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "glicerolo",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerin Adult",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerin Cream",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerin, anhydrous",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerinum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glyceritol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerol 85%",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerolum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycogelatin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycyl alcohol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glyrol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glysanin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Grocolene",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inclear",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Incorporation factor",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.422",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-422",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "keragel",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "keragelT",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Keybells",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "MeWrinkle",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monagra",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monoctanoin Component D",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Moon",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "myCellCare",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nirolex",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ophthalgan",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Optim",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Osmoglyn",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "PDC6A3C0OX",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "PZN 7474853",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "RepoveSolutionA",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "RepoveSolutionB",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sayak",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Scrub",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Synthetic glycerin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Synthetic glycerine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tixylix toddler",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trihydroxypropane",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tryhydroxypropane",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vitrosupos",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Waterhouse",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E422",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "422",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propane-1,2,3-triol",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycerin",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Glycerin\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/glycerin. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.550Z"
}