{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/jagua-genipin-glycine-blue",
  "slug": "jagua-genipin-glycine-blue",
  "name": "Jagua (genipin-glycine) blue",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": "183",
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": null,
    "pubchem_cid": null
  },
  "functional_class": "Colour",
  "summary": "Jagua blue is a natural blue made from the fruit of the jagua tree, long used in South America as a skin dye. Like gardenia blue, the colour is formed by reaction rather than extracted ready-made.",
  "derivation_summary": "Genipin from the unripe fruit of Genipa americana is reacted with the amino acid glycine to form the blue pigment.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 73.225",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-73.225"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 21,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.4",
            "name": "Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 160,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 52 & 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 01.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.4.2",
            "name": "Flavoured processed cheese, including containing fruit, vegetables, meat, etc."
          },
          "max_level": 44,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 01.6.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.7",
            "name": "Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt)"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 600 & 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 01.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.3",
            "name": "Fat emulsions mainly of type oil-in-water, including mixed and/or flavoured products based on fat emulsions"
          },
          "max_level": 160,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 02.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.4",
            "name": "Fat-based desserts excluding dairy-based dessert products of food category 01.7"
          },
          "max_level": 200,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 599 & 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 02.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "03.0",
            "name": "Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 03.0",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.11",
            "name": "Fruit fillings for pastries"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 04.1.2.11",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.5",
            "name": ""
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 04.1.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.8",
            "name": "Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601, XS240 & XS314R",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 04.1.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.9",
            "name": "Fruit-based desserts, incl. fruit-flavoured water-based desserts"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 04.1.2.9",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.4",
            "name": "Cocoa and chocolate products"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 183 & 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 05.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2",
            "name": "Confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc. other than food categories 05.1, 05.3, and 05.4"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601 & XS309R",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 05.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.3",
            "name": "Chewing gum"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 05.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.4",
            "name": "Decorations (e.g. for fine bakery wares), toppings (non-fruit), and sweet sauces"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 05.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.3",
            "name": "Breakfast cereals, including rolled oats"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 06.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.5",
            "name": "Cereal and starch based desserts (e.g. rice pudding, tapioca pudding)"
          },
          "max_level": 84,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 06.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 258 & 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.4",
            "name": "Dietetic formulae for slimming purposes and weight reduction"
          },
          "max_level": 65,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 13.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.5",
            "name": "Dietetic foods (e.g. supplementary foods for dietary use) excluding products of food categories"
          },
          "max_level": 65,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 13.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.4",
            "name": "Water-based flavoured drinks, including \"sport,\" “energy,” or \"electrolyte\" drinks and particulated drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 80,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601 & 609",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 14.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "15.1",
            "name": "Snacks - potato, cereal, flour or starch based (from roots and tubers, pulses and legumes)"
          },
          "max_level": 600,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 601 & 604",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 183, food category 15.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "JAGUA (GENIPIN-GLYCINE) BLUE (JAGUA BLUE)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "183",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jagua (genipin-glycine) blue",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Jagua (genipin-glycine) blue\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/jagua-genipin-glycine-blue. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.568Z"
}