{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/methylparaben",
  "slug": "methylparaben",
  "name": "Methylparaben",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E218",
    "ins_number": "218",
    "cas_number": "99-76-3",
    "inchikey": "LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 7456
  },
  "functional_class": "Preservative",
  "summary": "Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate, or methylparaben, is a preservative used in some baked goods, coatings and drinks. It works across a wider pH range than benzoates, which are only effective in acidic foods.",
  "derivation_summary": "Made by esterifying para-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol, both from petroleum feedstocks. It is far better known as a cosmetics preservative than a food one.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1490",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1490"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 38,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.4",
            "name": "Processed cheese"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 01.6.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.5",
            "name": "Cheese analogues"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2009",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 01.6.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.7",
            "name": "Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt)"
          },
          "max_level": 120,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS243",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 01.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.2.2",
            "name": "Fat spreads, dairy fat spreads and blended spreads"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27, XS253, XS256",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 02.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.3",
            "name": "Fat emulsions mainly of type oil-in-water, including mixed and/or flavoured products based on fat emulsions"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 02.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.10",
            "name": "Fermented fruit products"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.10",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.11",
            "name": "Fruit fillings for pastries"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.11",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.2",
            "name": "Dried fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.3",
            "name": "Fruit in vinegar, oil, or brine"
          },
          "max_level": 250,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.5",
            "name": ""
          },
          "max_level": 250,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.6",
            "name": "Fruit-based spreads (e.g. chutney) excluding products of food category"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & 570",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.7",
            "name": "Candied fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.8",
            "name": "Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS314R",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.9",
            "name": "Fruit-based desserts, incl. fruit-flavoured water-based desserts"
          },
          "max_level": 800,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.1.2.9",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.3",
            "name": "Vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds in vinegar, oil, brine, or soybean sauce"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.2.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.5",
            "name": "Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed purees and spreads (e.g. peanut butter)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS57",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.2.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.6",
            "name": "Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed pulps and preparations (e.g. vegetable desserts and sauces, candied vegetables) other than food category 04.2.2.5"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27, XS57, XS259R & XS308R",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.2.2.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS294",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.3",
            "name": "Cocoa-based spreads, incl. fillings"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS86",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 05.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.5",
            "name": "Imitation chocolate, chocolate substitute products"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2009",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 05.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2",
            "name": "Confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc. other than food categories 05.1, 05.3, and 05.4"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS309R",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 05.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.3",
            "name": "Chewing gum"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 05.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.4",
            "name": "Decorations (e.g. for fine bakery wares), toppings (non-fruit), and sweet sauces"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 05.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "07.2",
            "name": "Fine bakery wares (sweet, salty, savoury) and mixes"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 07.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.4",
            "name": "Edible casings (e.g. sausage casings)"
          },
          "max_level": 36,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 08.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.3",
            "name": "Semi-preserved fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS291",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 09.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.3",
            "name": "Vinegars"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2012",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 12.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.4",
            "name": "Mustards"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27",
          "effective_from": "2010",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 12.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.6",
            "name": "Sauces and like products"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 27 & XS302",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 218, food category 12.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.4",
            "name": "Water-based flavoured drinks, including \"sport,\" “energy,” or \"electrolyte\" drinks and particulated drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
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    {
      "name": "4-Hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester",
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    {
      "name": "4-Hydroxybenzoic acid-methyl ester",
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    {
      "name": "Abiol",
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    {
      "name": "Aseptoform",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, methyl ester",
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      "name": "Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, methyl ester",
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      "name": "Caswell No. 573PP",
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      "name": "FEMA No. 2710",
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    {
      "name": "INS-218",
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    {
      "name": "isLeaf Long Lasting Waterproof Eyeliner Black",
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      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "isLeaf Long Lasting Waterproof Eyeliner Brown",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "isLeaf Tattoo Eyebrow Brown",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Killitol",
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    {
      "name": "Maseptol",
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    {
      "name": "Metaben",
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    {
      "name": "Metagin",
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    {
      "name": "Methaben",
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      "name": "methyl 4- hydroxybenzoate",
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    {
      "name": "Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate",
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      "name": "Methyl butex",
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      "name": "Methyl chemosept",
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    {
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    {
      "name": "Methylester kyseliny p-hydroxybenzoove",
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      "name": "Methylparaben",
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      "name": "Metoxyde",
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      "name": "Moldex",
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      "name": "Nipagin",
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      "name": "Preserval",
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      "name": "Solbrol",
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      "name": "Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate",
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      "name": "Methylparaben",
      "type": "label",
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      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
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  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Methylparaben\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/methylparaben. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.596Z"
}