{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/nitrous-oxide",
  "slug": "nitrous-oxide",
  "name": "Nitrous oxide",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": "942",
    "cas_number": "10024-97-2",
    "inchikey": "GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 948
  },
  "functional_class": "Antioxidant",
  "summary": "Nitrous oxide is the propellant in aerosol whipped cream. It is used rather than another gas because it dissolves in fat, so it expands through the cream as it leaves the can rather than blowing straight past it.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced by controlled heating of ammonium nitrate.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1545",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1545"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 8,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 942",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.2",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 59",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 01.2.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.4.2",
            "name": "Sterilized and UHT creams, whipping and whipped creams, and reduced fat creams (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 59, 278 & 627",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 01.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.1.3",
            "name": "Peeled or cut fresh fruit"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 04.1.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.2",
            "name": "Dried pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 256",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 06.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.1.2",
            "name": "Fresh molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 390, XS312 & XS315",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 09.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.1",
            "name": "Frozen fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 308, 392, XS36, XS92, XS95, XS165, XS190, XS191, XS312 & XS315",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 09.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 942, food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "10024-97-2",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "ecfr"
    },
    {
      "name": "100240-04-8",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "97485-25-1",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CCRIS 1225",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "diazooxidane",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Diazyne 1-oxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Diazyne 1-oxide #",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dinitrogen monoxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dinitrogen oxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dinitrogenii oxidum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Distickstoffmonoxid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Factitious air",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "FEMA 2779",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "FEMA No. 2779",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gas, Laughing",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "gaz hilarant",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "HSDB 504",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hyponitrous acid anhydride",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.942",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-942",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lachgas",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Laughing gas",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "N-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-3-piperidinamine ethanedioate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrious oxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrogen hypoxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrogen oxide (n(sub 2)o)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrogen oxide (N2O)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "nitrogen protoxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "nitrogenium oxydulatum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrogenum oxygenatum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "nitrous oxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide (JP15/USP)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide (JP18/USP)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide (TN)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous Oxide Sedara",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide, compressed",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide, JAN, USAN",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide, refrigerated liquid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous Oxide, USP",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous-15N2 oxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "NITROUS-OXIDE",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitroux Oxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "NNO",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oxide, Nitrous",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oxido nitroso",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "oxidodinitrogen(N--N)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oxo-1lambda~5~-diazyne",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "oxyde nitreux",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Protoxide of nitrogen",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "protoxyde d'azote",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stickdioxyd",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stickstoff(I)-oxid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E942",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "942",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nitrous oxide",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Nitrous oxide\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/nitrous-oxide. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.612Z"
}