{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/pectins",
  "slug": "pectins",
  "name": "Pectins",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E440",
    "ins_number": "440",
    "cas_number": "56645-02-4",
    "inchikey": "AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-DTEWXJGMSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 441476
  },
  "functional_class": "Emulsifier",
  "summary": "Pectin is the gelling agent that sets jam, extracted from fruit. It is one of the few additives most people have used deliberately in their own kitchen.",
  "derivation_summary": "Extracted with hot acid from citrus peel or apple pomace, both by-products of juice production, then precipitated and dried. High-methoxyl pectin needs sugar and acid to set; low-methoxyl pectin sets with calcium instead.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1588",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1588"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 35,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 440",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.2",
            "name": "Other Fluid Milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 407 & 438",
          "effective_from": "2019",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 01.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.1",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), not heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 234 & 235",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 01.2.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.2",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 234",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 01.2.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.2",
            "name": "Renneted milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 01.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.4.1",
            "name": "Pasteurized cream (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS288",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 01.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.4.2",
            "name": "Sterilized and UHT creams, whipping and whipped creams, and reduced fat creams (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 01.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.1.2",
            "name": "Surface-treated fresh fruit"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 454",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 04.1.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS294",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.1",
            "name": "Fresh pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 211",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 06.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.2",
            "name": "Dried pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 256",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 06.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1.1",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry and game, whole pieces or cuts"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16 & 326",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 08.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1.2",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry and game, comminuted"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 281",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 08.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.1",
            "name": "Frozen fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16, 391, XS36, XS92, XS95, XS190, XS191, XS292, XS312 & XS315",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 09.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen battered fish, fish fillets and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 177",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 09.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.3",
            "name": "Frozen minced and creamed fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 09.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.1",
            "name": "Cooked fish and fish products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 241",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 09.2.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.3",
            "name": "Fried fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 41",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 09.2.4.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.5",
            "name": "Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 300, XS167, XS189, XS222, XS236, XS244 & XS311",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 09.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.2.1",
            "name": "Liquid egg products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 10.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen egg products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 10.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 258",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.1.2",
            "name": "Salt substitutes"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 12.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.2",
            "name": "Follow-up formulae"
          },
          "max_level": 10000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 13.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.3",
            "name": "Formulae for special medical purposes for infants"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 14 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 13.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.2",
            "name": "Complementary foods for infants and young children"
          },
          "max_level": 10000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 273, 282 & 283",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 13.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.2.1",
            "name": "Fruit juice"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 35 & XS356R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.2.2",
            "name": "Vegetable juice"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 35",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.2.3",
            "name": "Concentrates for fruit juice"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 35 & 127",
          "effective_from": "2005",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.2.4",
            "name": "Concentrates for vegetable juice"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 35",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.2.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.1",
            "name": "Fruit nectar"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2005",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.3.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.2",
            "name": "Vegetable nectar"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.3.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.3",
            "name": "Concentrates for fruit nectar"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 127",
          "effective_from": "2005",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.3.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.3.4",
            "name": "Concentrates for vegetable nectar"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.3.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.5",
            "name": "Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 160",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 440, food category 14.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "56645-02-4",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "9000-69-5",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Amidated pectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "berry breezer throat drop",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Berry Breezer Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Best Health Berry Soothers Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Breezers",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Breezers Cool Berry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Breezers Creamy Strawberry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "burts bees throat soothing",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cold Sore Canker Sore Patch",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Colyer pectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 440(i)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 440(ii)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equate Sore Throat Pops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Genu Pectin L 200",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Halls Breezers Sugar Free Cool Berry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.440",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-440",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Leader Throat Soothing Drops Creamy Strawberry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Birthday Cake",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Birthday Cake-Conventional",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Mixed Berry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Mixed Berry Box",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Orange Mango",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Strawberry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Variety Pack",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Variety Pack 21",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Variety Pack Box",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lolleez Watermelon",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lozenge",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Assorted Flavors",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Berry Assortment Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Blue Raspberry Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Green Apple Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Honey Lemon",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Strawberry Banana Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "LUDENS SUGAR FREE WILD CHERRY THROAT",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Watermelon Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Wild Cherry Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ludens Wild Honey Throat Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marpee NL",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marpee OM",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methoxy Pectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "methoxylpectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methyl pectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methyl pectinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mexpectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "PECT",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectin, Methoxy",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectinate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectinate, Calcium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectinate, Zinc",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectins",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sootheez Berry Lemonade",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sootheez Birthday Cake",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sootheez Strawberry Lemonade",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sootheez Watermelon Mint",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sundown Honey Soothers Lollipops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Throat Balm Caramel Pectin",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Throat Coat",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Throat Coat Lemon Ginger Echinacea",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Throat Soothing Creamy Strawberry",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E440",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "440",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "beta-D-galactopyranuronic acid",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pectins",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Pectins\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/pectins. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.620Z"
}