{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/polyvinyl-alcohol",
  "slug": "polyvinyl-alcohol",
  "name": "Polyvinyl alcohol",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E1203",
    "ins_number": "1203",
    "cas_number": "9002-89-5",
    "inchikey": null,
    "pubchem_cid": null
  },
  "functional_class": "Thickener",
  "summary": "Polyvinyl alcohol is a film former used to coat supplements and some confectionery, and as the material of dissolvable pouches.",
  "derivation_summary": "Made by polymerising vinyl acetate and then hydrolysing it. It is water-soluble, which is what makes dissolvable films possible.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.6",
            "name": "Food supplements"
          },
          "max_level": 45000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2007",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1203, food category 13.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "9002-89-5",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 1203",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "POLYVINYL ALCOHOL",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "PVOH",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vinyl alcohol polymer",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "E1203",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "1203",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Polyvinyl alcohol\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/polyvinyl-alcohol. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.637Z"
}