{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/ponceau-4r-cochineal-red-a",
  "slug": "ponceau-4r-cochineal-red-a",
  "name": "Ponceau 4R (Cochineal red A)",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": "124",
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": null,
    "pubchem_cid": null
  },
  "functional_class": "Colour",
  "summary": "Ponceau 4R is a synthetic red azo dye used in the European Union in confectionery, desserts and preserved meats. It is one of the six colours required to carry the activity-and-attention warning, and is not permitted in food in the United States.",
  "derivation_summary": "Synthesised from petroleum-derived aromatic intermediates by diazotisation and coupling. Its alternative name, Cochineal Red A, is misleading: it contains nothing derived from cochineal insects and is suitable for a vegan diet.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 50,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.4",
            "name": "Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 150,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 52",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 01.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.2.2",
            "name": "Rind of ripened cheese"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 01.6.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.4.2",
            "name": "Flavoured processed cheese, including containing fruit, vegetables, meat, etc."
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 01.6.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.5",
            "name": "Cheese analogues"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 3",
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 01.6.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.7",
            "name": "Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt)"
          },
          "max_level": 150,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 01.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.4",
            "name": "Fat-based desserts excluding dairy-based dessert products of food category 01.7"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 02.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "03.0",
            "name": "Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 03.0",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.11",
            "name": "Fruit fillings for pastries"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.11",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.4",
            "name": "Canned or bottled (pasteurized) fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 104, 673, XS17, XS242, XS254, XS361",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.5",
            "name": ""
          },
          "max_level": 200,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 679",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.6",
            "name": "Fruit-based spreads (e.g. chutney) excluding products of food category"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS160 & 674",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.7",
            "name": "Candied fruit"
          },
          "max_level": 200,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.8",
            "name": "Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS240 & XS314R",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.9",
            "name": "Fruit-based desserts, incl. fruit-flavoured water-based desserts"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.1.2.9",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS38, XS151, XS223 & XS294",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.4",
            "name": "Cocoa and chocolate products"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 183",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 05.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.5",
            "name": "Imitation chocolate, chocolate substitute products"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 05.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2",
            "name": "Confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc. other than food categories 05.1, 05.3, and 05.4"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS309R",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 05.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.3",
            "name": "Chewing gum"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 05.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.4",
            "name": "Decorations (e.g. for fine bakery wares), toppings (non-fruit), and sweet sauces"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 05.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.5",
            "name": "Cereal and starch based desserts (e.g. rice pudding, tapioca pudding)"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 06.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.8.1",
            "name": "Soybean-based beverages"
          },
          "max_level": 10,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS322R",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 06.8.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "07.2",
            "name": "Fine bakery wares (sweet, salty, savoury) and mixes"
          },
          "max_level": 50,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 07.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.4",
            "name": "Edible casings (e.g. sausage casings)"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 365",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 08.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.1",
            "name": "Frozen fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 30,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 395, XS36, XS95, XS165, XS190, XS191, XS292, XS312 & XS315",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen battered fish, fish fillets and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16, 95 & XS166",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.3",
            "name": "Frozen minced and creamed fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16 & 95",
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.1",
            "name": "Cooked fish and fish products"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 95",
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.2.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.4.2",
            "name": "Cooked molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 250,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2008",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.2.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2.5",
            "name": "Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 22, XS167, XS189, XS222, XS236, XS244 & XS311",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.2.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.3.3",
            "name": "Salmon substitutes, caviar and other fish roe products"
          },
          "max_level": 500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS291",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 124, food category 09.3.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
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}