{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/propylene-glycol",
  "slug": "propylene-glycol",
  "name": "Propylene glycol",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E1520",
    "ins_number": "1520",
    "cas_number": "57-55-6",
    "inchikey": "DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 1030
  },
  "functional_class": "Emulsifier",
  "summary": "Propylene glycol is a humectant and carrier solvent, used to hold flavours and colours in solution and to keep foods moist. It is a common carrier in flavourings, which is how it reaches many products indirectly.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced from petroleum-derived propylene oxide. It should not be confused with ethylene glycol, the toxic antifreeze compound, which is a different substance.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1666",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1666"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 13,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.1.2.8",
            "name": "Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS240 & XS314R",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 04.1.2.8",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.1.3",
            "name": "Cocoa-based spreads, incl. fillings"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS86",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 05.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2.1",
            "name": "Hard candy"
          },
          "max_level": 5300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 05.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2.2",
            "name": "Soft candy"
          },
          "max_level": 4500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS309R",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 05.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.2.3",
            "name": "Nougats and marzipans"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 05.2.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "05.3",
            "name": "Chewing gum"
          },
          "max_level": 20000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 05.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.1",
            "name": "Fresh pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": 20000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 370",
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 06.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.4.3",
            "name": "Pre-cooked pastas and noodles and like products"
          },
          "max_level": 10000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 194 & XS364R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 06.4.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "07.1",
            "name": "Bread and ordinary bakery wares and mixes"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 07.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "07.2",
            "name": "Fine bakery wares (sweet, salty, savoury) and mixes"
          },
          "max_level": 1500,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2016",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 07.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.6.1",
            "name": "Emulsified sauces and dips (e.g. mayonnaise, salad dressing, onion dips)"
          },
          "max_level": 1000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 426",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 12.6.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.6",
            "name": "Food supplements"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 417",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 13.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "15.1",
            "name": "Snacks - potato, cereal, flour or starch based (from roots and tubers, pulses and legumes)"
          },
          "max_level": 300,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 1520, food category 15.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "57-55-6",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "ecfr"
    },
    {
      "name": "(+-)-1,2-Propanediol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "(+-)-Propylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "(2RS)-PROPANE-1,2-DIOL",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "(RS)-1,2-Propanediol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2 Propanediol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2-(RS)-Propanediol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2-dihydroxypropane",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2-Propandiol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2-propanediol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2-Propylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2-Propylenglykol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "2-Hydroxypropanol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "alpha-Propylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "alpha-Propyleneglycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Baby Wipes",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CVS Lubricant Eye Drops 15mL",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "DEROFEN MIEL",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "DL-1,2-Propanediol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "dl-Propylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dowfrost",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 1520",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "EGHMTW hair oil",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equate Support Moisture Lubricant Eye",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eyelash and Eyebrow Lengthener",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "FEMA No. 2940",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "GENERAL OB LUBRICANT",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Glycol, Propylene",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hot Sweat Cream",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ins no.1520",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Isopropylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "KETO-TREAT",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kilfrost ABC-S",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kollisolv pg",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methyl Ethyl Glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methyl glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methylethyl glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methylethylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monohydrate, Propylene Glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monopropylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "MSM (MoSaengMo)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Polypeptidemulti-Effectseye Cream",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propan-1,2-Diol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propane-1,2-diol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "propylene glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propylene glycol (solvent)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "propylene glycol cefatrizine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propylene glycol dl-",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propylene Glycol USP",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propyleneglycolum",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sentry Propylene Glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sirlene",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Solar Winter BAN",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Solargard P",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systane Balance",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systane COMPLETE",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systane COMPLETE PF",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systane Pro PF",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trimethyl glycol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ucar 35",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Walgreen Sterile Lubricant",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Walgreens Lubricant Eye Drops",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E1520",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "1520",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "propane-1,2-diol",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propylene glycol",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [
    {
      "type": "ADI",
      "value": 25,
      "value_text": null,
      "unit": "mg/kg bw/day",
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA",
      "year": null,
      "opinion": null
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Propylene glycol\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/propylene-glycol. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.664Z"
}