{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/rue",
  "slug": "rue",
  "name": "Rue",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": null,
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": "KHSBLMDTVROJFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 132019640
  },
  "functional_class": null,
  "summary": "Rue is a bitter herb permitted as a flavouring at strictly limited levels. It is one of the few culinary botanicals whose use is capped rather than open, because the plant contains compounds that are hazardous in quantity.",
  "derivation_summary": "The leaves of Ruta graveolens. Handling the fresh plant in sunlight can cause skin burns, which is a property of the plant rather than of the food use.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1698",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1698"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "Rue",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "3-[[(3-Carboxyphenyl)methyl-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]amino]methyl]benzoic acid",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rue",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Rue\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/rue. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.672Z"
}