{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/silicon-dioxide",
  "slug": "silicon-dioxide",
  "name": "Silicon dioxide",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E551",
    "ins_number": "551",
    "cas_number": "7631-86-9",
    "inchikey": "VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N",
    "pubchem_cid": 24261
  },
  "functional_class": "Anticaking agent",
  "summary": "Silicon dioxide is the anticaking agent in powdered products — spice blends, powdered drinks, grated cheese and salt — where it absorbs moisture and keeps particles separate.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced synthetically by precipitation or flame hydrolysis, giving a very fine amorphous powder. This is amorphous silica, which regulators treat separately from crystalline silica.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 172.480",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.480"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 14,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 551",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.5.1",
            "name": "Milk powder and cream powder (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 544 & 549",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 01.5.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.1",
            "name": "Unripened cheese"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 3, 488, 563, XS273, XS275",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 01.6.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.2.1",
            "name": "Ripened cheese, includes rind"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 459, 461, 502, XS208, XS274, XS276, XS277, XS278",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 01.6.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.8.2",
            "name": "Dried whey and whey products, excluding whey cheeses"
          },
          "max_level": 10000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS331",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 01.8.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.1.2",
            "name": "Powdered sugar, powdered dextrose"
          },
          "max_level": 15000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 56, 465",
          "effective_from": "2019",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 11.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.1.1",
            "name": "Salt"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2006",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 12.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.1.2",
            "name": "Salt substitutes"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 12.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.2.1",
            "name": "Herbs and spices"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 51, 534, XS326 & XS351",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 12.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
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          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.1",
            "name": "Infant formulae"
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          "max_level": 10,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 589 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 13.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.2",
            "name": "Follow-up formulae"
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          "max_level": 10,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 589 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 13.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.3",
            "name": "Formulae for special medical purposes for infants"
          },
          "max_level": 10,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 589 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 13.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.2",
            "name": "Complementary foods for infants and young children"
          },
          "max_level": 2000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 318, 284 & 304",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 13.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.5",
            "name": "Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 321",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 551, food category 14.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
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        }
      ]
    }
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  "names": [
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    {
      "name": "Acticel",
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    {
      "name": "Aerogel 200",
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    {
      "name": "Aerosil 200",
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    {
      "name": "Aerosil 300",
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    {
      "name": "Aerosil 380",
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    {
      "name": "Aerosil A 300",
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    {
      "name": "Aerosil E 300",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Aerosil K 7",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Amorphous silica dust",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Cab-o-sil M-5",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Carplex",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Carplex 30",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Carplex 80",
      "type": "common",
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    {
      "name": "colloidal silica",
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    {
      "name": "Corasil II",
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    {
      "name": "Diatomaceous silica",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Dioxosilane",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Dri-Die",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "E 551",
      "type": "common",
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      "name": "ETJ7Z6XBU4",
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      "name": "INS NO.551",
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    {
      "name": "Ludox hs 40",
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    {
      "name": "Manosil vn 3",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Min-U-Sil",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Nalfloc N 1050",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Neosil",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Neosyl",
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    {
      "name": "Porasil",
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    {
      "name": "Positive sol 130M",
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    {
      "name": "Positive sol 232",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Quartz (SiO2)",
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      "source": "openfoodtox"
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    {
      "name": "Quso 51",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Quso G 30",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Santocel",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Silanox 101",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Silica",
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      "source": "openfoodtox"
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    {
      "name": "Silica crystalline quartz",
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    {
      "name": "Silica, amorphous",
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    {
      "name": "Silica, colloidal",
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    {
      "name": "Silicic anhydride",
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    {
      "name": "Silicium dioxide",
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    {
      "name": "Silicon dioxide",
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    {
      "name": "Silicon dioxide (amorphous)",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Silicon dioxide, fumed",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Silicone dioxide",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Silikil",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Sillikolloid",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Siloxid",
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      "name": "Sipernat",
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      "name": "Snowtex 30",
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      "name": "Snowtex O",
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      "name": "Tokusil TPLM",
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      "name": "Ultrasil VH 3",
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      "name": "Ultrasil VN 3",
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      "name": "Vitasil 220",
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      "name": "Vulkasil S",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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    {
      "name": "Wessalon",
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      "name": "White carbon",
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      "name": "Zeofree 80",
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      "source": "pubchem"
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      "name": "Zipax",
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    {
      "name": "Silicon dioxide",
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  "hazard_reference_values": [
    {
      "type": "ADI",
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      "value_text": "1",
      "unit": null,
      "population": "consumers",
      "assessing_body": "EFSA FAF",
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      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
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  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Silicon dioxide\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/silicon-dioxide. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.676Z"
}