{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/sodium-citrate",
  "slug": "sodium-citrate",
  "name": "Sodium citrate",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": "331(iii)",
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": "HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K",
    "pubchem_cid": 6224
  },
  "functional_class": "Acidity regulator",
  "summary": "Trisodium citrate is an acidity regulator and emulsifying salt, and the ingredient that makes processed cheese melt smoothly rather than splitting. It is also the anticoagulant in donated blood, though that is a separate use.",
  "derivation_summary": "Made by neutralising fermentation-derived citric acid with sodium hydroxide or carbonate.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1751",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1751"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 29,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 331(iii)",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.1",
            "name": "Fluid Milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 227, 438, 504",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.2",
            "name": "Other Fluid Milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 410",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.3",
            "name": "Fluid Buttermilk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 261",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.1",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), not heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 234, 235 & 634",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.2.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.1.2",
            "name": "Fermented milks (plain), heat-treated after fermentation"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 632",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.2.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.2.2",
            "name": "Renneted milk (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.4.1",
            "name": "Pasteurized cream (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS288",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.4.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.4.2",
            "name": "Sterilized and UHT creams, whipping and whipped creams, and reduced fat creams (plain)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.4.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.8.2",
            "name": "Dried whey and whey products, excluding whey cheeses"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS331",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 01.8.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.1.1",
            "name": "Butter oil, anhydrous milkfat, ghee"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 171",
          "effective_from": "2006",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 02.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.1.2",
            "name": "Vegetable oils and fats"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 511, XS33 & XS325R",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 02.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "02.1.3",
            "name": "Lard, tallow, fish oil, and other animal fats"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 522, XS329",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 02.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.1.1",
            "name": "Untreated fresh vegetables, (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes (including soybeans), and aloe vera), seaweeds and nuts and seeds"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 262, XS40R, XS304R, XS324R, XS335R & XS336R",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 04.2.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.1",
            "name": "Frozen vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds and nuts and seeds"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 29 & 93",
          "effective_from": "2024",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 04.2.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "04.2.2.7",
            "name": "Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1,"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: XS294",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 04.2.2.7",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "06.2.1",
            "name": "Flours"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 25, XS152 & XS301R",
          "effective_from": "2025",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 06.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1.1",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry and game, whole pieces or cuts"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 16 & 326",
          "effective_from": "2015",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 08.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "08.1.2",
            "name": "Fresh meat, poultry and game, comminuted"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 281",
          "effective_from": "2014",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 08.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "09.2",
            "name": "Processed fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 253, 391, XS36, XS92, XS95, XS167, XS189, XS190, XS191, XS222, XS236, XS244, XS292, XS311, XS312 & XS315",
          "effective_from": "2018",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 09.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.2.1",
            "name": "Liquid egg products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 10.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "10.2.2",
            "name": "Frozen egg products"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 10.2.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "11.4",
            "name": "Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings)"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 258",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 11.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "12.1.2",
            "name": "Salt substitutes"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 12.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.1",
            "name": "Infant formulae"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 55 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 13.1.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.2",
            "name": "Follow-up formulae"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 316 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 13.1.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.1.3",
            "name": "Formulae for special medical purposes for infants"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 55 & 551",
          "effective_from": "2026",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 13.1.3",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "13.2",
            "name": "Complementary foods for infants and young children"
          },
          "max_level": 5000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 238, 319 & 320",
          "effective_from": "2023",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 13.2",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "14.1.5",
            "name": "Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 160",
          "effective_from": "2013",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(iii), food category 14.1.5",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "68-04-2",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "8055-55-8",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "994-36-5",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "1Q73Q2JULR",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Albright's Solution",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "anhydrous sodium citrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anhydrous trisodium citrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bicitra",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Canesten oasis",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CCRIS 3293",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
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      "name": "Citrate Concentrated Solution",
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      "name": "Citreme",
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      "name": "Citric acid trisodium",
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      "name": "Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate",
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      "name": "citric acid/potassium-sodium citrate",
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      "name": "Citrofluyl",
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      "name": "Citrosidine",
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      "name": "Cystoleve",
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      "name": "Modified Shohl's Solution",
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      "name": "Monosodium dihydrogen citrate",
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      "name": "Natrii citras",
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      "name": "Relaxit",
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      "name": "tri-sodium citrate",
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      "name": "trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate",
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      "name": "Trisodium citrate, anhydrous",
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}