{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/sodium-propionate",
  "slug": "sodium-propionate",
  "name": "Sodium propionate",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": "E281",
    "ins_number": "281",
    "cas_number": "137-40-6",
    "inchikey": "JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M",
    "pubchem_cid": 2723816
  },
  "functional_class": "Preservative",
  "summary": "Sodium propionate is a mould inhibitor used in baked goods, processed cheese and some beverages.",
  "derivation_summary": "Made by neutralising propionic acid with sodium.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "permitted",
      "status_label": "Permitted",
      "provision_count": 1,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": null,
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": null,
          "citation": {
            "ref": "21 CFR 184.1784",
            "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-184.1784"
          },
          "source": "ecfr",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 3,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "1999",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 281",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.2.1",
            "name": "Ripened cheese, includes rind"
          },
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 3, 460, 503, XS208, XS269, XS274, XS276, XS277, XS278",
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 281, food category 01.6.2.1",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.6.6",
            "name": "Whey protein cheese"
          },
          "max_level": 3000,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 70",
          "effective_from": "2006",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 281, food category 01.6.6",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "137-40-6",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "ecfr"
    },
    {
      "name": "63785-15-9",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "6700-17-0",
      "type": "cas",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "ANHYDROUS SODIUM PROPIONATE [MART.]",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bioban-S",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "C3H5NaO2",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CAS-137-40-6",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Caswell No. 707A",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "CCRIS 1896",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deketon",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E 281",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 077703",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "HSDB 766",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Impedex",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS NO.281",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "INS-281",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Keenate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mycoban",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mycoban; Napropion; Ocuseptine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Napropion",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Natriumpropionat",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Natriumpropionat [veterinary] (TN)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ocuseptine",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propanoic acid, sodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propanoic acid, sodium salt (1:1)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propanoic acid, sodium salt (2:1)",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propanoic Acid, Sodium Salt, Hydrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propi-ophtal",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propiofar",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propion",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propionan sodny",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propionic acid sodium",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propionic acid sodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Propisol",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium hydrogen dipropionate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propano",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propanoate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propionate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propionate anhydrous",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium Propionate Hydrate",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "SODIUM PROPIONATE-2,3-13C2, 99 ATOM % 13 C",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propionate; Sodium propanoate; Propionic acid sodium salt",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "SODIUMPROPIONATE",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Whit-pro",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "pubchem"
    },
    {
      "name": "E281",
      "type": "e_number",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "281",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propanoate",
      "type": "iupac",
      "source": "openfoodtox"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sodium propionate",
      "type": "label",
      "source": "ecfr"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ecfr",
      "name": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office / National Archives",
      "licence": "Public domain",
      "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-31/title-21.xml",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T18:25:51.549Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Sodium propionate\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/sodium-propionate. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.702Z"
}