{
  "$schema": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/api/v1/schema.json",
  "id": "https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/zeaxanthin-synthetic",
  "slug": "zeaxanthin-synthetic",
  "name": "Zeaxanthin, synthetic",
  "identifiers": {
    "e_number": null,
    "ins_number": "161h(i)",
    "cas_number": null,
    "inchikey": null,
    "pubchem_cid": null
  },
  "functional_class": "Colour",
  "summary": "Synthetic zeaxanthin is a yellow-orange carotenoid colour. Zeaxanthin and lutein are the two pigments concentrated in the macula of the human eye.",
  "derivation_summary": "Produced by chemical synthesis rather than extracted, which gives a defined single isomer.",
  "regulatory_status": [
    {
      "jurisdiction": "US",
      "jurisdiction_name": "United States",
      "authority": "Food and Drug Administration",
      "status": "not_listed",
      "status_label": "Not listed",
      "note": "Does not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.",
      "provision_count": 0,
      "provisions": []
    },
    {
      "jurisdiction": "CODEX",
      "jurisdiction_name": "Codex Alimentarius",
      "authority": "Codex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA",
      "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
      "status_label": "Permitted, with conditions",
      "provision_count": 2,
      "provisions": [
        {
          "status": "permitted",
          "food_category": null,
          "max_level": null,
          "max_level_unit": "GMP",
          "conditions": null,
          "effective_from": "2021",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 161h(i)",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        },
        {
          "status": "permitted_with_conditions",
          "food_category": {
            "system": "codex",
            "code": "01.1.4",
            "name": "Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks"
          },
          "max_level": 100,
          "max_level_unit": "mg/kg",
          "conditions": "GSFA notes: 52 & 400 ≥59%.",
          "effective_from": "2017",
          "citation": {
            "ref": "CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 161h(i), food category 01.1.4",
            "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/"
          },
          "source": "gsfa",
          "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "ZEAXANTHIN, SYNTHETIC",
      "type": "common",
      "source": "gsfa"
    },
    {
      "name": "161h(i)",
      "type": "ins",
      "source": "gsfa"
    }
  ],
  "hazard_reference_values": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "gsfa",
      "name": "Codex General Standard for Food Additives (CXS 192-1995)",
      "publisher": "Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO)",
      "licence": "FAO terms — non-commercial use with attribution",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/dbs/gsfa/en/",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-07T07:54:15.059Z"
    }
  ],
  "citation_policy": "Cite as: Food Additive Index, \"Zeaxanthin, synthetic\", https://foodadditiveindex.com/additives/zeaxanthin-synthetic. This site reports regulatory status and does not rate additives.",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-08T00:09:38.778Z"
}