Copper gluconate

CAS 527-09-3

Listed as a nutrient supplement and a synergist by the US.

Listed as nutrient supplements (US) · synergists (US)
Chemical structure of Copper gluconate, from PubChem compound 10692
Structure from PubChem CID 10692 (National Library of Medicine, public domain). A depiction of one compound: where a listing covers a family, or a substance has no single structure, this page shows none.

Copper gluconate is a copper source in fortified foods and supplements.

Where it is and isn’t permitted

Status of Copper gluconate by jurisdiction. Every jurisdiction this site covers is listed, including those where the substance does not appear.
JurisdictionStatusScope and limitsCitation
Australia and New ZealandFood Standards Australia New ZealandNo listed food uses foundThis site has not matched this substance to any food use on this jurisdiction’s list of authorised food additives. A food additive may be used only in foods that list names. Flavourings, enzymes, processing aids and added nutrients are regulated separately and do not appear on it.
CanadaHealth CanadaPermitted, with conditions

highest permitted level 50 mg/kg

In: Breath fresheners. Purpose: To characterize the product. Limit: 50 ppm.

Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use (List 8), item C.19retrieved 2026-10-17
European UnionEuropean Commission / EFSANo listed food uses foundThis site has not matched this substance to any food use on this jurisdiction’s list of authorised food additives. A food additive may be used only in foods that list names. Flavourings, enzymes, processing aids and added nutrients are regulated separately and do not appear on it.
Great BritainFood Standards Agency / Food Standards ScotlandNo listed food uses foundThis site has not matched this substance to any food use on this jurisdiction’s list of authorised food additives. A food additive may be used only in foods that list names. Flavourings, enzymes, processing aids and added nutrients are regulated separately and do not appear on it.
JapanConsumer Affairs AgencyPermitted, with conditions
Designated additive: Appended Table 1, item 274, 銅塩類(グルコン酸銅及び硫酸銅に限る。) (“Copper salts (limited to Copper Gluconate and Cupric Sulfate)” in the unofficial English translation; listed member: Copper Gluconate). …

Designated additive: Appended Table 1, item 274, 銅塩類(グルコン酸銅及び硫酸銅に限る。) (“Copper salts (limited to Copper Gluconate and Cupric Sulfate)” in the unofficial English translation; listed member: Copper Gluconate). Standards for use — Specifications and Standards for Foods, Food Additives, etc. (MHW Notification No. 370 of 1959), Part II (Food Additives), F (Standards for use), entry グルコン酸銅: (1) [may be used only in the foods stated] “グルコン酸銅は、母乳代替食品並びに特定保健用食品及び栄養機能食品以外の食品に使用してはならない。” (2) [limits how much the food may contain] “グルコン酸銅は、乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する命令別表の二 乳等の成分規格並びに製造、調理及び保存の方法の基準の部(五) 乳等の成分又は製造若しくは保存の方法に関するその他の規格又は基準の款(5)の規定による内閣総理大臣の承認を受けて使用する場合を除き、母乳代替食品を標準調乳濃度に調乳したとき、その1Lにつき、銅として0.60mgを超える量を含有しないように使用しなければならない。” (3) [limits how much the food may contain] “グルコン酸銅は、特定保健用食品又は栄養機能食品に使用するとき、当該食品の1日当たりの摂取目安量に含まれる銅の量が5mgを超えないようにしなければならない。” The Japanese is the standard as published. There is no official English translation of the Notification; the English in square brackets is this site’s description of what each sentence does, not a translation of the foods or the levels. Compositional specifications for this additive, in the same Notification, are not imported and are not shown here; nor are the general rules in F 添加物一般, which apply to every additive.

Regulations for Enforcement of the Food Sanitation Act (MHW Ordinance No. 23 of 1948), Appended Table 1retrieved 2026-10-18
South KoreaMinistry of Food and Drug SafetyPermitted, with conditions
Designated food additive: Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, Part III, 3. …

Designated food additive: Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, Part III, 3. 영양강화제 (nutrient fortifiers), 글루콘산동; nutrient: 구리(Cu). Standard for use (사용기준) of 글루콘산동: (1) [may be used only in the foods listed] “글루콘산동은 아래의 식품에 한하여 사용하여야 한다. 1. 시리얼류 2. 특수의료용도식품 3. 체중조절용 조제식품 4. 건강기능식품” The Korean is the standard as published. There is no official English translation of the current Code (the English version on MFDS’s website is the 2020 edition and has no legal effect); the English in square brackets is this site’s description of what each sentence does, not a translation of the foods or the levels. Compositional specifications (Part IV) are not imported, nor are the general standards in Part II, which apply to every additive.

Standards and Specifications for Food Additives (식품첨가물의 기준 및 규격), MFDS Notification, Part III (Standards for use, by item)retrieved 2026-10-18
United StatesFood and Drug AdministrationPermitted21 CFR 184.1260retrieved 2026-10-17
Codex AlimentariusCodex Alimentarius Commission / JECFANot listedDoes not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.

How much is permitted

A listing usually limits the quantity as well as the food. Only one of the forms that takes is a figure: quantum satis and good manufacturing practice permit the amount the technological effect requires and no more, which is a limit rather than the absence of one. Figures below are the range across every food category this page is listed in, and categories differ between regulators — see how much is permitted.

Canada50 mg/kg1 numeric limit
Japan—1 no quantity stated
South Korea—1 no quantity stated
United States—1 no quantity stated

What it is made from

Made by reacting a copper salt with fermentation-derived gluconic acid.

  • Vegan
  • Vegetarian

Compare other additives on the dietary indexes.

CAS registry number
527-09-3
InChIKey
OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L
PubChem
CID 10692

Every name it appears under

40 recorded names. A label may use any of them.

CAS registry number

  • 527-09-3

As it appears in regulation

  • Copper gluconate

Other names

  • Bis(D-gluconato)copper
  • Bis(D-gluconato-kappaO1,kappaO2)copper
  • Bis(D-gluconato-O1,O2)copper
  • Bis(D-gluconic acid)copper(II) salt
  • C12H22CuO14
  • CCRIS 3652
  • Chelates of copper gluconate
  • COPPER (AS GLUCONATE)
  • Copper D-gluconate (1:2)
  • Copper di-D-gluconate
  • Copper gluconate
  • COPPER GLUCONATE (MART.)
  • COPPER GLUCONATE (USP MONOGRAPH)
  • Copper gluconate (USP)
  • Copper(2+) D-gluconate, (1:2)
  • Copper(2+) di(D-gluconate)
  • copper(2+) ion bis((2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate)
  • Copper(II) (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
  • Copper(II) D-gluconate
  • Copper(II) gluconate
  • Copper, bi
  • Copper, bis (D-gluconato-O(sup 1),O(sup 2))-
  • Copper, bis(D-gluconato)-
  • Copper, bis(D-gluconato-kappaO1,kappaO2)-
  • Copper, bis(D-gluconato-O1,O2)-
  • copper;(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
  • CUPRIC GLUCONATE
  • Cupric gluconate monohydrate
  • CUPRUM GLUCONICUM
  • D-Gluconic acid copper (II) salt
  • Gluconate, Copper
  • Gluconates
  • Gluconic Acid Copper(II) Salt
  • Gluconic acid, copper(2+) salt
  • Gluconic acid, copper(2+) salt (2:1), D-
  • HSDB 261
  • Pleo Cup

Systematic names

  • Copper;(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate

Hazard reference values

No reference value for this substance in the sources we hold.

Evidence and how bodies read it

Studies, and the differing conclusions regulators drew from them, are curated rather than machine-read, and none has been written for this substance yet.

Common questions

Assembled from what is above, in the words the questions are usually asked in. Each answer is the same statement the relevant section makes, with the same citations behind it.

What is Copper gluconate?
Copper gluconate is a copper source in fortified foods and supplements.
What is Copper gluconate used for in food?
It is listed as a nutrient supplement and a synergist — the role the US assigns it. This page shows every function each regulator records, with the citation for each.
Is Copper gluconate banned in Europe?
No. Copper gluconate does not appear on the EU's list of authorised food additives, which is not the same as being banned: the EU permits an additive only where it has authorised it, and usually the reason for an absence is that no one applied. The EU has made no finding against this substance. It does mean it may not be used as a food additive in the EU today.
Where is Copper gluconate permitted?
Of the seven regulators this site reads, Canada, Japan, South Korea and the US permit it. Each permission is for named foods at named levels, not a blanket one; the table on this page gives them with citations.
Is Copper gluconate vegan?
Yes. Copper gluconate is not derived from animals, and is suitable for vegetarians. This page says what it is made from and how.

Sources for this page

  • ca retrieved 2026-10-17
  • jp retrieved 2026-10-18
  • kr retrieved 2026-10-18
  • ecfr retrieved 2026-10-17

Full licence terms and publisher details on Sources. How this page is built and updated: Method.

Machine-readable: a JSON record of this additive is given on request —how to ask for access.

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