FD&C Yellow No. 6

E number E110INS 110CAS 2783-94-0

Listed as a colour by Canada, Codex, the EU and the US.

Listed as colours (CA, EU, US, Codex) · flavour enhancers (US) · flavouring agents and adjuvants (US)
Chemical structure of FD&C Yellow No. 6, from PubChem compound 17730
Structure from PubChem CID 17730 (National Library of Medicine, public domain). A depiction of one compound: where a listing covers a family, or a substance has no single structure, this page shows none.

FD&C Yellow No. 6, known internationally as Sunset Yellow FCF, is a synthetic orange-yellow azo dye. It appears in soft drinks, confectionery, snack foods, sauces and preserves.

Where it is and isn’t permitted

Status of FD&C Yellow No. 6 by jurisdiction. Every jurisdiction this site covers is listed, including those where the substance does not appear.
JurisdictionStatusScope and limitsCitation
Australia and New ZealandFood Standards Australia New ZealandPermitted, with conditions

44 food categories

Show every food category
  • 0.2 ColouringsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 0.3 FlavouringsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 1.1.2 Liquid milk products and flavoured liquid milkAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 1.2.2 Fermented milk products and rennetted milk productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 1.3 Condensed milk and evaporated milkAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 1.4.2 Cream products (flavoured, whipped, thickened, sour cream etc)All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 1.5 Dried milk, milk powder, cream powderAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 1.6 Cheese and cheese productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 11.1.1 Rainbow sugarAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 11.4 Tabletop sweetenersAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 12.1.2 Reduced sodium salt mixtureAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 12.1.3 Salt substituteAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 13.3 Formulated meal replacements and formulated supplementary foodsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 13.4 Formulated supplementary sports foodsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 13.5 Food for special medical purposesAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.1.1.2 Carbonated, mineralised and soda watersAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.1.2.1 Fruit and vegetable juicesFor juice separated by other than mechanical means only. All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.1.2.2 Fruit and vegetable juice productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.1.3 Water based flavoured drinksAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.1.4 Formulated BeveragesAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.2.3 Wine based drinks and reduced alcohol winesAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.2.4.1 Fruit wine products and vegetable wine productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.2.5 Spirits and liqueursAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 14.3 Alcoholic beverages not included in item 14.2All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 2.1 Edible oils essentially free of waterNot for olive oil. All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 2.2.1.2 Butter productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 2.2.1.3 Margarine and similar productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 2.2.2 Oil emulsions (<80% oil)All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 20 Foods not included in items 0 to 14All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 3 Ice cream and edible icesAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 4.3 Processed fruits and vegetablesAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 5.1 Chocolate and cocoa productsPermitted on the surface of chocolate only. All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 5.2 Sugar confectioneryAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 5.4 Icings and frostingsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 6.3 Processed cereal and meal productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 6.4 Flour products (including noodles and pasta)All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 7 Breads and bakery productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 8.2 Processed meat, poultry and game products in whole cuts or piecesAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 8.3 Processed comminuted meat, poultry and game products, other than products listed in item 8.3.2Not for sausage or sausage meat containing raw, unprocessed meat. All colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 8.4 Edible casingsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 8.5 Animal protein productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 9.2 Processed fish and fish productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 9.3 Semi preserved fish and fish productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
  • 9.4 Fully preserved fish including canned fish productsAll colourings permitted to a maximum level together: no more than 70 mg/L in a beverage or 290 mg/kg in another food (Standard 1.3.1—4(3)).
Food Standards Code, Schedule 15, S15—5and 43 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-17
CanadaHealth CanadaPermitted, with conditions

no numerical limit (good manufacturing practice)

12 permitted uses

Show every permitted use
  • In: Apple and (naming the fruit or fruits) jam; Fig marmalade with pectin; (Naming the fruit or fruits) jam with pectin; (Naming the fruit or fruits) jelly with pectin; Liqueur; (Naming the flavour) milk; (Naming the flavour) partly skimmed milk; (Naming the flavour) partly skimmed milk with added milk solids; (Naming the flavour) skim milk; (Naming the flavour) skim milk with added milk solids; Pineapple marmalade with pectin; Rhubarb and (naming the fruit or fruits) jam; Sherbet; Smoked fish. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm. If used in any combination with allura red, amaranth, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(a)
  • In: Blend of prepared fish and prepared meat as set out in paragraph 18.1.3(g) of Volume 18 of the Food Compositional Standards Document. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm. If used in any combination with allura red, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0122, NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(b)
  • In: Bread; Butter; Fish roe (caviar); Icing sugar; Lobster paste; Pickles and relishes; Tomato catsup. Purpose: Food Colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm. If used in any combination with allura red, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(c)
  • In: Cheese-flavoured corn snacks. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 600 ppm. If used in any combination with allura red, amaranth, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0210, NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(d)
  • In: Concentrated (naming the fruit) juice, except frozen concentrated orange juice. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm in the juice as consumed. If used in any combination with allura red, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm in the juice as consumed, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(e)
  • In: (Naming the flavour) essence; (Naming the flavour) extract; (Naming the flavour) flavour. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: Good Manufacturing Practice. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: M-FAA-24-14. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(e.1)
  • In: Ice cream mix. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm in the ice cream. If used in any combination with allura red, amaranth, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm in the ice cream, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(e.2)
  • In: Ice milk mix. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm in the ice milk. If used in any combination with allura red, amaranth, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm in the ice milk, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(e.3)
  • In: Longaniza. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: Good Manufacturing Practice. The amount not to exceed 20 ppm in the finished longaniza. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(f)
  • In: Lumpfish caviar. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: 250 ppm if used in combination with 500 ppm of allura red, 450 ppm of brilliant blue FCF and 100 ppm of tartrazine. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(g)
  • In: Sausage casings. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: 1,500 ppm. The amount not to exceed 15 ppm in the sausage prepared with the casing. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(h)
  • In: Unstandardized foods, except those unstandardized foods set out in paragraphs (d) and (h) of this item. Purpose: Food colour. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 300 ppm. If used in any combination with allura red, brilliant blue FCF, erythrosine, fast green FCF, indigotine or tartrazine, the total combined amount not to exceed 300 ppm, provided that the amount of brilliant blue FCF or fast green FCF, or both, does not exceed 100 ppm. Note: This food colour is a synthetic colour as defined in section B.16.001 of the Food and Drug Regulations. For the purposes of section B.16.012 of the Food and Drug Regulations, the synthetic colours identified in the list above are water soluble with the exception of citrus red No. 2. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0108. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3), item S.6(i)
Health Canada, List of Permitted Food Colours (List 3)and 11 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-17
European UnionEuropean Commission / EFSAPermitted, with conditions

28 food categories

highest permitted level 200 mg/l

Show every food category
  • 1.4 flavoured fermented milk products including heat-treated products — 5 mg/lML = 5 mg/l. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 1.6.3 other creams — 5 mg/kgML = 5 mg/kg. only flavoured creams. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 12.4 Mustard — 50 mg/kgML = 50 mg/kg. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 12.6 Sauces — 30 mg/kgML = 30 mg/kg. only in pickles and piccalilli. Note 64: The total quantity of E 104 and E 110 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 12.9 Protein products excluding products covered in category 1 8 — 20 mg/kgML = 20 mg/kg. only meat and fish analogues based on vegetable proteins. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 13.2 Foods for special medical purposes as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 (excluding products from food category 13.1.5.) — 10 mg/kgML = 10 mg/kg.
  • 13.3 Total diet replacement for weight control food as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 — 10 mg/kgML = 10 mg/kg.
  • 14.1.4 Flavoured_drinks — 20 mg/lML = 20 mg/l. excluding chocolate milk and malt products.
  • 14.2.3 Cider and perry — 10 mg/lML = 10 mg/l. excluding cidre bouché, cydr jakościowy, perry jakościowe, cydr lodowy, perry lodowe. Note 64: The total quantity of E 104 and E 110 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.4 Fruit wine and made wine — 10 mg/lML = 10 mg/l. excluding wino owocowe jakościowe. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.6 Spirit drinks as defined in Regulation (EU) 2019/787 — 100 mg/lML = 100 mg/l. except: spirit drinks as defined in categories 1-17, 22, 36, 37 and 41 of Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2019/787. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.7.1 Aromatised wines — 50 mg/lML = 50 mg/l. only bitter vino. Note 27: In bitter vino E 100, E 101, E 102, E 104, E 110, E 120, E 122, E 123, E 124, E 129 are authorised individually or in combination.
  • 14.2.7.2 Aromatised wine-based drinks — 50 mg/lML = 50 mg/l. only bitter soda. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.7.3 Aromatised wine-product cocktails — 50 mg/lML = 50 mg/l. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.8 Other alcoholic beverages including mixtures of alcoholic beverages with non-alcoholic beverages and other alcoholic beverages based on distilled alcohol with alcoholic strength by volume less than 15 % — 100 mg/lML = 100 mg/l. only alcoholic beverages with alcoholic strength by volume less than 15 %. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 16 Desserts excluding products covered in category 1 3 and 4 — 5 mg/kgML = 5 mg/kg. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 17.1 food supplements supplied in a solid form excluding food supplements for infants and young children’, — 10 mg/kgML = 10 mg/kg. Period of application: from 1 August 2014. Note: (61) The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III (69) Maximum limit for aluminium coming from all aluminium lakes 150 mg/kg. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013.
  • 17.2 food supplements supplied in a liquid form excluding food supplements for Infants and young children — 10 mg/lML = 10 mg/l. Period of application: from 1 August 2014. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 18.2 Meal replacement for weight control as referred to in Commission Regulation (EU) No 432/2012 — 10 mg/kgML = 10 mg/kg.
  • 4.2.4.1 fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote — 35 mg/kgML = 35 mg/kg. only mostarda di frutta. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 5.2 Other confectionery including breath freshening micro-sweets — 10 mg/kgML = 10 mg/kg. only candied fruit and vegetables. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 5.3 chewing gum — 10 mg/kgML = 10 mg/kg. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 — 35 mg/kgML = 35 mg/kg. only decorations, coatings and sauces, except fillings. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 6.6 Batters — 35 mg/kgML = 35 mg/kg. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 8.3.1 Non-heat-treated processed meat — 15 mg/kgML = 15 mg/kg. only sobrasada.
  • 8.3.3 Casings and coatings and decorations for meat — 35 mg/kgML = 35 mg/kg. only decorations and coatings except edible external coating of pasturmas. Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 9.2 Processed fish and fishery products including molluscs and crustaceans — 200 mg/kgML = 200 mg/kg. only salmon substitutes based on Theragra chalcogramma, Pollachius virens and Clupea harengus. Note 63: The total quantity of E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 9.3 fish roe — 200 mg/kgML = 200 mg/kg. except Sturgeons' eggs (Caviar). Note 61: The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008and 27 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-18
Great BritainFood Standards Agency / Food Standards ScotlandPermitted, with conditions

27 food categories

highest permitted level 200 mg/kg or mg/l

Show every food category
  • 1.4 Flavoured fermented milk products including heat-treated products — 5 mg/kg or mg/lML = 5. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 1.6.3 Other creams — 5 mg/kg or mg/lML = 5. Only flavoured creams. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 12.4 Mustard — 50 mg/kg or mg/lML = 50. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 12.6 Sauces — 30 mg/kg or mg/lML = 30. only in pickles and piccalilli. Note (64): The total quantity of E 104 and E 110 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 12.9 Protein products, excluding products covered in category 1.8 — 20 mg/kg or mg/lML = 20. only meat and fish analogues based on vegetable proteins. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 13.2 Dietary foods for special medical purposes defined in Directive 1999/21/EC (excluding products from food category 13.1.5) — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 13.3 Dietary foods for weight control diets intended to replace total daily food intake or an individual meal (the whole or part of the total daily diet) — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.1.4 Flavoured drinks — 20 mg/kg or mg/lML = 20. excluding chocolate milk and malt products. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.3 Cider and perry — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. excluding cidre bouché. Note (64): The total quantity of E 104, E 110 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.4 Fruit wine and made wine — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.6 Spirit drinks as defined in Regulation (EC) No 110/2008 — 100 mg/kg or mg/lML = 100. except: spirit drinks as defined in Article 5(1) and sales denominations listed in Annex II, paragraphs 1-14 of Regulation (EC) No 110/2008 and spirits (preceded by the name of the fruit) obtained by maceration and distillation, Geist (with the name of the fruit or the raw material used), London Gin, Sambuca, Maraschino, Marrasquino or Maraskino and Mistrà. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.7.1 Aromatised wines — 50 mg/kg or mg/lML = 50. only bitter vino. Note (27): In bitter vino E 100, E 101, E 102, E 104, E 110, E 120, E 122, E 123, E 124, E 129 are authorised individually or in combination.
  • 14.2.7.2 Aromatised wine-based drinks — 50 mg/kg or mg/lML = 50. only bitter soda. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.7.3 Aromatised wine-product cocktails — 50 mg/kg or mg/lML = 50. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 14.2.8 Other alcoholic drinks including mixtures of alcoholic drinks with non-alcoholic drinks and spirits with less than 15 % of alcohol — 100 mg/kg or mg/lML = 100. only alcoholic drinks with less than 15 % of alcohol. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 16 Desserts excluding products covered in categories 1, 3 and 4 — 5 mg/kg or mg/lML = 5. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 17.1 Food supplements supplied in a solid form, excluding food supplements for infants and young children — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. Period of application: from 1 August 2014. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III. Note (69): Maximum limit for aluminium coming from all aluminium lakes 150 mg/kg. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013.
  • 17.2 Food supplements supplied in a liquid form, excluding food supplements for infants and young children — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. Period of application: from 1 August 2014. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III. Note (69): Maximum limit for aluminium coming from all aluminium lakes 150 mg/kg. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013.
  • 4.2.4.1 Fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote — 35 mg/kg or mg/lML = 35. Only mostarda di frutta. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 5.2 Other confectionery including breath refreshening microsweets — several limits(1) ML 35: except candied fruit and vegetables; traditional sugar coated nut- or cocoa-based confectionery of almond shape or host shape, typically longer than 2 cm and typically consumed at celebratory occasions, i.e. weddings, communion, etc.; (2) ML 10: only candied fruit and vegetables; (3) ML 50: only traditional sugar coated nut- or cocoa-based confectionery of almond shape or host shape, typically longer than 2 cm and typically consumed at celebratory occasions, i.e. weddings, communion, etc. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 5.3 Chewing gum — 10 mg/kg or mg/lML = 10. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 — 35 mg/kg or mg/l(1) ML 35: only decorations, coatings and sauces, except fillings; (2) ML 35: only fillings. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 6.6 Batters — 35 mg/kg or mg/lML = 35. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 8.3.1 Non-heat-treated meat products — 15 mg/kg or mg/lML = 15. only sobrasada.
  • 8.3.3 Casings and coatings and decorations for meat — 35 mg/kg or mg/lML = 35. only decorations and coatings except edible external coating of pasturmas. Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 9.2 Processed fish and fishery products including mollusks and crustaceans — 200 mg/kg or mg/lML = 200. only salmon substitutes based on Theragra chalcogramma , Pollachius virens and Clupea harengus. Note (63): The total quantity of E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
  • 9.3 Fish roe — 200 mg/kg or mg/lML = 200. except Sturgeons’ eggs (Caviar). Note (61): The total quantity of E 104, E 110, E 124 and the colours in Group III shall not exceed the maximum listed for Group III.
Assimilated Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008and 26 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-18
JapanConsumer Affairs AgencyPermitted, with conditions
Designated additive: Appended Table 1, item 224, 食用黄色五号（別名サンセットイエローＦＣＦ）及びそのアルミニウムレーキ (“Food Yellow No. …

Designated additive: Appended Table 1, item 224, 食用黄色五号（別名サンセットイエローＦＣＦ）及びそのアルミニウムレーキ (“Food Yellow No. 5 (Sunset Yellow FCF) and Food Yellow No. 5 Aluminum Lake” in the unofficial English translation; listed member: Food Yellow No. 5 (Sunset Yellow FCF)). Standards for use — Specifications and Standards for Foods, Food Additives, etc. (MHW Notification No. 370 of 1959), Part II (Food Additives), F (Standards for use), entry 食用黄色5号: (1) [must not be used in the foods stated] “食用黄色5号は、カステラ、きなこ、魚肉漬物、鯨肉漬物、こんぶ類、しょう油、食肉、食肉漬物、スポンジケーキ、鮮魚介類(鯨肉を含む。)、茶、のり類、マーマレード、豆類、みそ、めん類(ワンタンを含む。)、野菜及びわかめ類に使用してはならない。” The Japanese is the standard as published. There is no official English translation of the Notification; the English in square brackets is this site’s description of what each sentence does, not a translation of the foods or the levels. Compositional specifications for this additive, in the same Notification, are not imported and are not shown here; nor are the general rules in F 添加物一般, which apply to every additive.

Regulations for Enforcement of the Food Sanitation Act (MHW Ordinance No. 23 of 1948), Appended Table 1retrieved 2026-10-18
South KoreaMinistry of Food and Drug SafetyPermitted, with conditions
Designated food additive: Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, Part III, 1. …

Designated food additive: Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, Part III, 1. 일반식품첨가물 (general food additives), 식용색소황색제5호 (“Food Yellow No.5”, the English the Code prints beside it); 1. 일반식품첨가물 (general food additives), 식용색소황색제5호알루미늄레이크 (“Food Yellow No.5 Aluminium Lake”, the English the Code prints beside it). Main use (주용도) of 식용색소황색제5호: 착색료. Standard for use (사용기준) of 식용색소황색제5호: (1) [may be used only in the foods listed; refers to another provision where it is used together with other additives; sets a limit on the amount used] “식용색소황색제5호는 아래의 식품에 한하여 사용하여야 한다. 다만, 다른 식용색소와 병용할 때에는 III. 1. 1) (4)의 규정에 따라 사용한다. 식용색소황색제5호의 사용량은 1. 과자 : 0.2g/kg 이하 2. 캔디류, 추잉껌 : 0.3g/kg 이하 3. 빙과, 빵류, 떡류 : 0.05g/kg 이하 4. 만두류 : 0.4g/kg 이하 5. 기타 코코아가공품, 초콜릿류 : 0.4g/kg 이하 6. 기타잼 : 0.3g/kg 이하 7. 기타설탕, 기타엿, 당시럽류 : 0.4g/kg 이하 8. 소시지류, 어육소시지 : 0.3g/kg 이하 9. 과·채음료, 탄산음료, 기타음료 : 0.1g/kg 이하(다만, 희석하여 음용하는 제품에 있어서는 희석한 것으로서) 10. 향신료조제품[고추냉이(와사비)가공품 및 겨자가공품에 한함] : 0.3g/kg 이하 11. 소스 : 0.3g/kg 이하 12. 젓갈류(명란젓에 한함) : 0.3g/kg 이하 13. 절임류(밀봉 및 가열살균 또는 멸균처리한 제품에 한함. 다만, 단무지는 제외) : 0.3g/kg 이하 14. 주류(탁주, 약주, 소주, 주정을 첨가하지 않은 청주 제외) : 0.2g/kg 이하 15. 전분가공품, 식물성크림 : 0.4g/kg 이하 16. 즉석섭취식품 : 0.3g/kg 이하 17. 곡류가공품, 기타 식용유지가공품, 당류가공품 : 0.3g/kg 이하 18. 서류가공품 : 0.05g/kg 이하 19. 기타 수산물가공품 : 0.2g/kg 이하 20. 기타가공품, 유함유가공품 : 0.4g/kg 이하 21. 건강기능식품(정제의 제피 또는 캡슐에 한함), 캡슐류 : 0.3g/kg 이하(색소의 사용량은 총 중량 기준으로 적용) 22. 아이스크림류, 아이스크림믹스류 : 0.3g/kg 이하” Main use (주용도) of 식용색소황색제5호알루미늄레이크: 착색료. Standard for use (사용기준) of 식용색소황색제5호알루미늄레이크: (1) [may be used only in the foods listed; refers to another provision where it is used together with other additives; sets a limit on the amount used] “식용색소황색제5호알루미늄레이크는 아래의 식품에 한하여 사용하여야 한다. 다만, 다른 식용색소와 병용할 때에는 III. 1. 1) (4)의 규정에 따라 사용한다. 식용색소황색제5호알루미늄레이크의 사용량은 식용색소황색제5호로서 1. 과자 : 0.2g/kg 이하 2. 캔디류, 추잉껌 : 0.3g/kg 이하 3. 빙과, 빵류, 떡류 : 0.05g/kg 이하 4. 만두류 : 0.4g/kg 이하 5. 기타 코코아가공품, 초콜릿류 : 0.4g/kg 이하 6. 기타잼 : 0.3g/kg 이하 7. 기타설탕, 기타엿, 당시럽류 : 0.4g/kg 이하 8. 소시지류, 어육소시지 : 0.3g/kg 이하 9. 과·채음료, 탄산음료, 기타음료 : 0.1g/kg 이하(다만, 희석하여 음용하는 제품에 있어서는 희석한 것으로서) 10. 향신료조제품[고추냉이(와사비)가공품 및 겨자가공품에 한함] : 0.3g/kg 이하 11. 소스 : 0.3g/kg 이하 12. 젓갈류(명란젓에 한함) : 0.3g/kg 이하 13. 절임류(밀봉 및 가열살균 또는 멸균처리한 제품에 한함. 다만, 단무지는 제외) : 0.3g/kg 이하 14. 주류(탁주, 약주, 소주, 주정을 첨가하지 않은 청주 제외) : 0.2g/kg 이하 15. 전분가공품, 식물성크림 : 0.4g/kg 이하 16. 즉석섭취식품 : 0.3g/kg 이하 17. 곡류가공품, 기타 식용유지가공품, 당류가공품 : 0.3g/kg 이하 18. 서류가공품 : 0.05g/kg 이하 19. 기타 수산물가공품 : 0.2g/kg 이하 20. 기타가공품, 유함유가공품 : 0.4g/kg 이하 21. 건강기능식품(정제의 제피 또는 캡슐에 한함), 캡슐류 : 0.3g/kg 이하(색소의 사용량은 총 중량 기준으로 적용) 22. 아이스크림류, 아이스크림믹스류 : 0.3g/kg 이하” The Korean is the standard as published. There is no official English translation of the current Code (the English version on MFDS’s website is the 2020 edition and has no legal effect); the English in square brackets is this site’s description of what each sentence does, not a translation of the foods or the levels. Compositional specifications (Part IV) are not imported, nor are the general standards in Part II, which apply to every additive.

Standards and Specifications for Food Additives (식품첨가물의 기준 및 규격), MFDS Notification, Part III (Standards for use, by item)retrieved 2026-10-18
United StatesFood and Drug AdministrationPermitted, with conditions

2 permitted uses

Show every permitted use
  • Subject to batch certification by FDA. — 21 CFR 74.706
  • Provisional listing, not a permanent one. 21 CFR 81.1(a) provisionally lists FD&C lakes for use in food, drugs and cosmetics under section 203(b) of the Color Additive Amendments of 1960; 21 CFR 82.51 defines them as the aluminum or calcium salt of a certified straight colour listed in this subpart, extended on a substratum of alumina. This section lists the straight colour such lakes are made from. Subject to batch certification by FDA. — 21 CFR 82.706
21 CFR 74.706and 1 further provisionretrieved 2026-10-17
Codex AlimentariusCodex Alimentarius Commission / JECFAPermitted, with conditions

63 food categories

highest permitted level 1,500 mg/kg

Show every food category and its notes
  • 01.1.4 Flavoured Fluid Milk Drinks — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 52 Excluding chocolate milk.
  • 01.6.1 Unripened cheese — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 3 For use in surface treatment only.
    • Note XS221 Excluding products conforming to the Group Standard for Unripened Cheese including Fresh Cheese (CXS 221-2001).
    • Note XS262 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Mozzarella (CODEX STAN 262-2006).
    • Note XS273 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Cottage Cheese (CXS 273-1968).
    • Note XS275 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Cream Cheese (CXS 275-1973).
  • 01.6.2.2 Rind of ripened cheese — 300 mg/kg
  • 01.6.4 Processed cheese — 200 mg/kg
    • Note 3 For use in surface treatment only.
  • 01.6.5 Cheese analogues — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 3 For use in surface treatment only.
  • 01.7 Dairy-based desserts (e.g. pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt) — 300 mg/kg
  • 02.1.3 Lard, tallow, fish oil, and other animal fats — 300 mg/kg
    • Note XS19 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Edible Fats and Oils not covered by Individual Standards (CXS 19-1981).
    • Note XS211 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Named Animal Fat (CODEX STAN 211-1999).
    • Note XS329 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fish Oils (CXS 329-2017).
  • 02.4 Fat-based desserts excluding dairy-based dessert products of food category 01.7 — 50 mg/kg
  • 03.0 Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet — 50 mg/kg
  • 04.1.2.11 Fruit fillings for pastries — 200 mg/kg
  • 04.1.2.5 — 300 mg/kg
  • 04.1.2.6 Fruit-based spreads (e.g. chutney) excluding products of food category — 200 mg/kg
    • Note XS160 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Mango Chutney (CODEX STAN 160-1987).
  • 04.1.2.7 Candied fruit — 200 mg/kg
  • 04.1.2.8 Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk — 100 mg/kg
    • Note XS240 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Aqueous Coconut Products (CODEX STAN 240-2003).
    • Note XS314R Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Date Paste (CODEX STAN 314R-2013).
  • 04.1.2.9 Fruit-based desserts, incl. fruit-flavoured water-based desserts — 50 mg/kg
  • 04.2.1.2 Surface-treated fresh vegetables, (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds and nuts and seeds — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 4 For use in decoration, stamping, marking or branding the product only.
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 04.2.2.6 Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed pulps and preparations (e.g. vegetable desserts and sauces, candied vegetables) other than food category 04.2.2.5 — 50 mg/kg
    • Note 92 Excluding tomato-based sauces.
    • Note XS57 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Processed Tomato Concentrates (CODEX STAN 57-1981).
    • Note XS259R Excluding products conforming to the Codex Regional Standard for Tehena (CODEX STAN 259R-2007).
    • Note XS308R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Harissa (Red Hot Pepper Paste) (CXS 308R-2011).
  • 04.2.2.7 Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1, — 200 mg/kg
    • Note 92 Excluding tomato-based sauces.
    • Note XS294 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Gochujang (CXS 294-2009).
  • 05.1.4 Cocoa and chocolate products — 400 mg/kg
    • Note 183 For use in surface decoration only.
  • 05.2 Confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc. other than food categories 05.1, 05.3, and 05.4 — 300 mg/kg
    • Note XS309R Excluding products conforming to the Codex Regional Standard for Halawa Tehenia (CODEX STAN 309R-211).
  • 05.3 Chewing gum — 300 mg/kg
  • 05.4 Decorations (e.g. for fine bakery wares), toppings (non-fruit), and sweet sauces — 300 mg/kg
  • 06.3 Breakfast cereals, including rolled oats — 300 mg/kg
  • 06.4.3 Pre-cooked pastas and noodles and like products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 153 For use in instant noodles only.
    • Note XS364R Excluding use in products conforming to the Regional standard for quick-frozen dumplings (CXS 364R-2026).
  • 06.5 Cereal and starch based desserts (e.g. rice pudding, tapioca pudding) — 50 mg/kg
  • 06.8.1 Soybean-based beverages — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 643 For use only in composite/ flavoured soybean beverages and soybean-based beverages conforming to the Regional Standard for Non-Fermented Soybean Products (Asia) (CXS 322R-2015).
  • 07.2 Fine bakery wares (sweet, salty, savoury) and mixes — 50 mg/kg
  • 08.1 Fresh meat, poultry, and game — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 4 For use in decoration, stamping, marking or branding the product only.
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 08.2 Processed meat, poultry, and game products in whole pieces or cuts — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
    • Note XS96 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Cooked Cured Ham (CODEX STAN 96-1981).
    • Note XS97 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Cooked Cured Pork Shoulder (CODEX STAN 97-1981).
    • Note XS350R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for dried meat (Africa) (CXS 350R-2022).
  • 08.3.1.1 Cured (including salted) non-heat treated processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 08.3.1.2 Cured (including salted) and dried non-heat treated processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products — 135 mg/kg
  • 08.3.1.3 Fermented non-heat treated processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 08.3.2 Heat-treated processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
    • Note XS88 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Corned Beef (CODEX STAN 88-1981).
    • Note XS89 Excluding products conforming to Standard for Luncheon Meat (CODEX STAN 89-1981).
    • Note XS98 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Cooked Cured Chopped Meat (CODEX STAN 98-1981).
  • 08.3.3 Frozen processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 08.4 Edible casings (e.g. sausage casings) — 1,500 mg/kg
    • Note 365 On a casings basis.
  • 09.1.1 Fresh fish — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 4 For use in decoration, stamping, marking or branding the product only.
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
    • Note 50 For use in fish roe only.
  • 09.1.2 Fresh molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 4 For use in decoration, stamping, marking or branding the product only.
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
    • Note XS292 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Live and Raw Bivalve Molluscs (CODEX STAN 292-2008).
    • Note XS312 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Live Abalone and for Raw Fresh Chilled or Frozen Abalone for Direct Consumption or for Further Processing (CODEX STAN 312-2013).
    • Note XS315 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fresh and Quick Frozen Raw Scallop Products (CODEX STAN 315-2014).
  • 09.2.1 Frozen fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 95 For non-standardized foods: for use in surimi and fish roe products only.
    • Note XS36 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Finfish, Uneviscerated and Eviscerated (CODEX STAN 36-1981).
    • Note XS92 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Shrimps and Prawns (CODEX STAN 92-1981).
    • Note XS95 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Lobsters (CODEX STAN 95-1981).
    • Note XS165 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Blocks of Fish Fillet, Minced Fish Flesh and Mixtures of Fillets and Minced Fish Flesh (CODEX STAN 165-1989).
    • Note XS190 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Fish Fillets (CODEX STAN 190-1995).
    • Note XS191 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Raw Squid (CODEX STAN 191-1995).
    • Note XS292 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Live and Raw Bivalve Molluscs (CODEX STAN 292-2008).
    • Note XS312 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Live Abalone and for Raw Fresh Chilled or Frozen Abalone for Direct Consumption or for Further Processing (CODEX STAN 312-2013).
    • Note XS315 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fresh and Quick Frozen Raw Scallop Products (CODEX STAN 315-2014).
  • 09.2.2 Frozen battered fish, fish fillets and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
    • Note XS166 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Fish Sticks (Fish Fingers), Fish Portions and Fish Fillets – Breaded or in Batter (CODEX STAN 166-1989).
  • 09.2.3 Frozen minced and creamed fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
    • Note 95 For non-standardized foods: for use in surimi and fish roe products only.
  • 09.2.4.1 Cooked fish and fish products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 95 For non-standardized foods: for use in surimi and fish roe products only.
  • 09.2.4.2 Cooked molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 250 mg/kg
  • 09.2.4.3 Fried fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 09.2.5 Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 100 mg/kg
    • Note 382 For use only in smoked fish and smoke-flavoured fish products conforming to the Standard for Smoked Fish, Smoked-flavoured fish, and Smoke-dried fish (CODEX STAN 311-2013).
    • Note XS167 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Salted Fish and Dried Salted Fish of the Gadidae Family of Fishes (CODEX STAN 167-1989).
    • Note XS189 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Dried Shark Fins (CODEX STAN 189-1993).
    • Note XS222 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Crackers from Marine and Freshwater Fish, Crustaceans and Molluscan Shellfish (CODEX STAN 222-2001).
    • Note XS236 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Boiled Dried Salted Anchovies (CODEX STAN 236-2003).
    • Note XS244 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Salted Atlantic Herring and Salted Sprat (CODEX STAN 244-2004).
  • 09.3.1 Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms, marinated and/or in jelly — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 09.3.2 Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms, pickled and/or in brine — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only.
  • 09.3.3 Salmon substitutes, caviar and other fish roe products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note XS291 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Sturgeon Caviar (CODEX STAN 291-2010).
  • 09.3.4 Semi-preserved fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (e.g. fish paste), excluding products of food categories 09.3.1 - 09.3.3 — 300 mg/kg
  • 09.4 Fully preserved, including canned or fermented fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — 300 mg/kg
    • Note 95 For non-standardized foods: for use in surimi and fish roe products only.
    • Note 435 For use of tartrazine (INS 102), sunset yellow FCF (INS 110), amaranth (INS 123) and ponceau 4R (cochineal red A) (INS 124) singly or in combination up to a maximum level of 30 mg/kg in the final product as colours only for the purpose of restoring colour lost in processing for products conforming to the Standard for Canned Shrimps or Prawns (CODEX STAN 37-1991).
    • Note XS3 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned Salmon (CODEX STAN 3-1981).
    • Note XS70 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned Tuna and Bonito (70-1981).
    • Note XS90 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned Crab Meat (CODEX STAN 90-1981).
    • Note XS94 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned Sardines and Sardine-Type Products (CODEX STAN 94-1981).
    • Note XS119 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned Finfish (CODEX STAN 119-1981).
  • 10.1 Fresh eggs — GMP
    • Note 4 For use in decoration, stamping, marking or branding the product only.
  • 10.4 Egg-based desserts (e.g. custard) — 50 mg/kg
  • 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments — 300 mg/kg
  • 12.4 Mustards — 300 mg/kg
  • 12.5 Soups and broths — 50 mg/kg
  • 12.6 Sauces and like products — 300 mg/kg
    • Note XS302 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fish Sauce (CODEX STAN 302-2011).
  • 13.3 Dietetic foods intended for special medical purposes (excluding products of food category 13.1) — 50 mg/kg
    • Note 566 Excluding products conforming to the Guidelines for Ready to Use Therapeutic Foods (CXG 95-2022).
  • 13.4 Dietetic formulae for slimming purposes and weight reduction — 50 mg/kg
  • 13.5 Dietetic foods (e.g. supplementary foods for dietary use) excluding products of food categories — 300 mg/kg
  • 13.6 Food supplements — 300 mg/kg
  • 14.1.4 Water-based flavoured drinks, including "sport," “energy,” or "electrolyte" drinks and particulated drinks — 100 mg/kg
    • Note 127 On the served to the consumer basis.
  • 14.2.6 Distilled spirituous beverages containing more than 15% alcohol — 200 mg/kg
  • 14.2.7 Aromatized alcoholic beverages (e.g. beer, wine and spirituous cooler-type beverages, low-alcoholic refreshers) — 200 mg/kg
  • 15.1 Snacks - potato, cereal, flour or starch based (from roots and tubers, pulses and legumes) — 200 mg/kg
CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 110and 62 further provisionsretrieved 2026-09-07

How much is permitted

A listing usually limits the quantity as well as the food. Only one of the forms that takes is a figure: quantum satis and good manufacturing practice permit the amount the technological effect requires and no more, which is a limit rather than the absence of one. Figures below are the range across every food category this page is listed in, and categories differ between regulators — see how much is permitted.

Australia and New Zealand—44 no quantity stated
Canada—2 GMP, 10 no quantity stated
European Union5 mg/kg – 200 mg/kg28 numeric limit
Great Britain5 mg/kg – 200 mg/kg26 numeric limit, 1 several limits
Japan—1 no quantity stated
South Korea—1 no quantity stated
United States—2 no quantity stated
Codex Alimentarius50 mg/kg – 1,500 mg/kg62 numeric limit, 1 GMP

What a label must say

Words a food containing FD&C Yellow No. 6 is obliged to carry, quoted from the instrument that imposes them. A required statement is a fact about the regulation, not a finding about the substance — every rule below applies where the additive is authorised.

Every rule collected at what a label must say.

What it is made from

Made from petroleum-derived aromatic intermediates by diazotisation and coupling to a naphthalene sulfonate. No animal-derived material is involved.

  • Vegan
  • Vegetarian

Compare other additives on the dietary indexes.

CAS registry number
2783-94-0
InChIKey
OIQPTROHQCGFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-L
PubChem
CID 17730

The two specifications, compared

The European Union sets identity and purity by regulation; JECFA publishes its own through FAO, advisory until a country adopts it. Both documents are below in full. These are the parameters each puts a number on.

ParameterEuropean UnionJECFA
Assayno less than 85 %no less than 85 %
Leadno more than 2 mg/kgno more than 2 mg/kg
Arsenicno more than 3 mg/kg—
Mercuryno more than 1 mg/kg—
Cadmiumno more than 1 mg/kg—

The two documents state the same figures for every parameter compared here.

How the EU defines it

The legal specification an additive must meet to be sold as this E number in the EU — what it is, how it may be made, and the purity it must reach. From Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012.

E 110 Sunset yellow fcf

Sunset Yellow FCF consists essentially of disodium 2-hydroxy-1-(4-sulfonatophenylazo) naphthalene-6-sulfonate and subsidiary colouring matters together with sodium chloride and/or sodium sulphate as the principal uncoloured components. Sunset Yellow FCF is manufactured by diazotizing 4-aminobenzenesulphonic acid using hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite or sulphuric acid and sodium nitrite. The diazo compound is coupled with 6-hydroxy-2-naphthalene-sulphonic acid. The dye is isolated as the sodium salt and dried. Sunset Yellow FCF is described as the sodium salt. The calcium and the potassium salt are also permitted.

Synonyms: CI Food Yellow 3; Orange Yellow S

Assay, identification and purity criteria

Description and assay

Colour Index No
15985
Einecs
220-491-7
Chemical name
Disodium 2-hydroxy-1-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)naphthalene-6-sulfonate
Chemical formula
C₁₆H₁₀N₂Na₂O₇S₂
Molecular weight
452,37
Assay
Content not less than 85 % total colouring matters calculated as the sodium salt [image] 555 at ca. 485 nm in aqueous solution at pH 7
Description
Orange-red powder or granules
Appearance of the aqueous solution
Orange

Identification

Spectrometry
Maximum in water at ca. 485 nm at pH 7

Purity criteria

Water insoluble matter
Not more than 0,2 %
Subsidiary colouring matters
Not more than 5,0 %
1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthalenol (Sudan I)
Not more than 0,5 mg/kg
4-aminobenzene-1-sulfonic acid
[image] | Total not more than 0,5 % 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid 7-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid 4,4′-diazoaminodi(benzene sulfonic acid) 6,6′-oxydi(naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid)
Unsulfonated primary aromatic amines
Not more than 0,01 % (calculated as aniline)
Ether extractable matter
Not more than 0,2 % under neutral conditions
Arsenic
Not more than 3 mg/kg
Lead
Not more than 2 mg/kg
Mercury
Not more than 1 mg/kg
Cadmium
Not more than 1 mg/kg

Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012, Annex, E 110

How JECFA defines it

The international specification for identity and purity, prepared by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives and published by FAO. It is a different document from any above, written by a different body and revised on its own cycle; it is advisory, and a country adopts it or does not.

INS 110 Sunset Yellow FCF

Sunset Yellow FCF consists principally of the disodium salt of 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and subsidiary colouring matters together with sodium chloride and/or sodium sulfate as the principal uncoloured components. (NOTE: The colour may be converted to the corresponding aluminium lake, in which case only the General Specifications for Aluminium Lakes of Colouring Matters apply.)

Synonyms: CI Food Yellow 3; Orange Yellow S; CI (1975) No. 15985; INS No. 110

Assay, identification and purity criteria

Description and assay

Specification history
Prepared at the 69 th JECFA (2008) and published in FAO JECFA Monographs 5 (2008), superseding specifications prepared at the 28 th JECFA (1984), published in combined Compendium of Food Additive Specifications, FAO JECFA Monographs 1 (2005). An ADI of 0-4 mg/kg bw was established at the 74 th JECFA (2011).
Chemical names
Principal component: Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)-2-naphthalene-sulfonate
C.A.S. number
2783-94-0
Chemical formula
C16H10N2Na2O7S2 (Principal component)
Structural formula
(Principal component)
Formula weight
452.38 (Principal component)
Assay
Not less than 85% total colouring matters
DESCRIPTION
Orange-red powder or granules
FUNCTIONAL USES
Colour
METHOD OF ASSAY
Proceed as directed under Colouring Matters Content by Titration with Titanous Chloride (Volume 4, under “Food Colours, Colouring Matters”) , using the following: Weight of sample: 0.5-0.6 g Buffer: 10 g sodium citrate Weight ( D ) of colouring matters equivalent to 1.00 ml of 0.1 N TiCl3: 11.31 mg

Identification

Solubility (Vol. 4)
Soluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol
Colour test
In water, neutral or acidic solutions of Sunset Yellow FCF are yellow-orange, whereas basic solutions are red-brown. When dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, the additive yields an orange solution that turns yellow when diluted with water.
Colouring matters , identification (Vol. 4)
Passes test

Purity criteria

Water content (Loss on drying) (Vol. 4)
Not more than 15% together with chloride and sulfate calculated as sodium salts
Water-insoluble matter (Vol. 4)
Not more than 0.2%
Lead (Vol. 4)
Not more than 2 mg/kg Determine using an AAS/ICP-AES technique appropriate to the specified level. The selection of sample size and method of sample preparation may be based on the principles of the method described in Volume 4 (under “General Methods, Metallic Impurities”).
Subsidiary colouring matter content (Vol. 4)
Not more than 5% Not more than 2% shall be colours other than trisodium 2-hydroxy-1-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)naphthalene-3,6-disulfonate Use the following conditions: Chromatography solvent: 2-Butanone:acetone:water:ammonia (s.g. 0.880) (700:300:300:2) Height of ascent of solvent front: approximately 17 cm
Sudan I (1-(Phenylazo)-2- naphthalenol)
Not more than 1 mg/kg See description under TESTS
Organic compounds other than colouring matters (Vol. 4)
Not more than 0.5%, sum of the: monosodium salt of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, disodium salt of 3-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, monosodium salt of 6-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt of 7-hydroxy-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, disodium salt of 4,4'-diazoaminobis-benzenesulfonic acid, and disodium salt of 6,6'-oxybis-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid Proceed as directed under Determination by High Performance Liquid Chromatography using an elution gradient of 2 to 100% at 4% per min (linear) followed by elution at 100%.
Unsulfonated primary aromatic amines (Vol. 4)
Not more than 0.01%, calculated as aniline
Ether-extractable matter (Vol. 4)
Not more than 0.2%
Test: Sudan I (1-(Phenylazo)-2- naphthalenol)
Principle The additive is dissolved in water and methanol and filtered solutions are analysed by Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatography (Volume 4 under “Analytical Techniques, Chromatography”), without extraction or concentration. (Based on J.AOAC Intl 90, 1373-1378 (2007).) Mobile phase Eluant A: Ammonium acetate (LC grade), 20 mM aqueous Eluant B: Methanol (LC grade) Sample solution Accurately weigh 200 mg of Sunset yellow FCF and transfer it into a 10-ml volumetric flask. Dissolve the sample in 4 ml water via swirling or sonication. Add 5 ml of methanol and swirl. Allow the solution to cool for 5 min and adjust the volume to the mark with water. Filter a part of the solution for analysis through a 13 mm syringe filter with a 0.2 μm pore size PTFE membrane by using a 5 ml polypropylene/polyethylene syringe. (NOTE: Do not substitute a PVDF filter for the PTFE filter, as a PVDF filter adsorbs Sudan I.) Standard Sudan I (>97%, Sigma Aldrich, or equivalent), recrystallized from absolute ethanol (5g/150 ml) Standard stock solution Accurately weigh a sufficient quantity of the Standard to prepare a solution in methanol of 0.0100 mg/ml. Standard solutions Transfer 0, 20, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μl aliquots of the Standard stock solution to seven 10-ml volumetric flasks. To each flask, add 5 ml of methanol, swirl to mix, and add 4 ml of water. Dilute to volume with water, mix, and filter each solution through a PTFE membrane syringe filter (see Sample solution , above) into LC vials for analysis. (NOTE: These solutions nominally contain 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25 μg of Sudan I/ml.) Chromatographic system Detector: Photodiode Array (485 nm) Columns: 150 mm x 2.1 mm id, packed with 5 μm reversed-phase C18, or equivalent, with a guard column (10 mm x 2.1 mm i.d.) – Waters Corp., or equivalent Column temperature: 25° Flow rate: 0.25 ml/min Injection volume: 50 μl Elution: 50% Eluant A /50% Eluant B for 5 min; 50 to 100% Eluant B in 10 min; 100% Eluant B for 10 min. (NOTE: The column should be requilibrated with 50% Eluant A/ 50% Eluant B for 10 min.) System suitability: Inject three replicates of the Standard solutions with concentrations of 0.05 and 0.25 μg of Sudan I/ml. The responses for each set of three injections show relative standard deviations of not more than 2%. Procedure Separately inject the seven Standard solutions and the Sample solution into the chromatograph and measure the peak areas for Sudan I. From the chromatograms for the Standard solutions , prepare a standard curve of the concentration of Sudan I vs. the peak areas. (NOTE: The retention time for Sudan I is 19.0 min. Other peaks appearing at earlier retention times in the sample chromatograph are likely attributed to sulfonated subsidiary colours.) Determine the concentration of Sudan I in the Sample solution and convert it to mg/kg in the sample of Sunset Yellow FCF. (NOTE: The limit of determination is 0.4 mg/kg.)

FAO JECFA Monograph 11 (2011)

Every name it appears under

122 recorded names. A label may use any of them.

E number

  • E110

INS number

  • 110

CAS registry number

  • 1313437-35-2
  • 2783-94-0

As it appears in regulation

  • FD&C Yellow No. 6
  • Sunset Yellow FCF/Orange Yellow S

Other names

  • 1351 Yellow
  • 1899 Yellow
  • 2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-((p-sulfophenyl)azo)-, disodium salt
  • Acid Food Yellow 3
  • Acid Yellow TRA
  • Alabaster No. 3
  • C.I. Direct Yellow 11
  • C.I. Food Yellow 3
  • CI Food Yellow 3
  • Cilefa Orange S
  • D and C Yellow 6
  • disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[2-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazen-1-yl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate
  • Dolkwal Sunset Yellow
  • Dye FDC Yellow No. 6
  • Dye Sunset Yellow
  • E 110
  • Eniacid Sunset Yellow
  • Eurocert Orange FCF
  • FD & C Yellow No. 6
  • FD and C Yellow 6
  • FD and C Yellow No. 6
  • FD&C Yellow 6
  • FD&C Yellow No. 6
  • Food yellow 3
  • Food Yellow 3;Orange Yellow S;CI 15985
  • Food Yellow No.5
  • Gelborange-S
  • H77VEI93A8
  • HD Sunset Yellow FCF
  • Orange II R
  • Orange PAL
  • Orange Yellow S
  • Orange Yellow S. AF
  • Orange Yellow S.fq
  • Para Orange
  • Sodium 6-hydroxy-5-((4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl)naphthalene-2-sulfonate
  • Solar radiation color
  • STILBENE YELLOW
  • Sun Orange A Geigy
  • SUN Yellow
  • SUN Yellow A-CE
  • SUN Yellow A-FDC
  • SUN Yellow FCF
  • Sun Yellow G
  • Sunlight Yellow FCF
  • Sunset red pigment
  • Sunset yellow
  • Sunset Yellow (E110)
  • Sunset Yellow FCF
  • Sunset Yellow FCF 6
  • Sunset Yellow FU
  • Sunset Yellow Lake
  • Twilight Yellow
  • Yellow 6
  • Yellow No. 6
  • Yellow Orange S
  • Yellow S
  • Yellow sun
  • Yellow SY for food

Systematic names

  • Disodium (5E)-6-oxo-5-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)hydrazinylidene]naphthalene-2-sulfonate

The EU re-evaluation programme

Every additive authorised in the EU before 20 January 2009 was put back through EFSA by Commission Regulation (EU) No 257/2010, and this one is named in it. What the Regulation required is below; whether the opinion has since been published is not something this site records.

  • Already re-evaluated when the programme began. Listed in Annex I as “Sunset yellow FCF, Orange Yellow S”, against the words “Re-evaluation completed on 24 September 2009”, and therefore not re-evaluated again under it.

Hazard reference values

Values set by assessing bodies. A body that has not set a value is not listed here.
TypeValuePopulationAssessed byOpinion
ADI4 mg/kg bw/day—JECFA2011

Evidence and how bodies read it

Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial

McCann D, Barrett A, Cooper A, Crumpler D, Dalen L, Grimshaw K, et al.. The Lancet. 2007 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61306-3

Design
RCT
Model
human
Dose
Two mixtures of four synthetic colours plus sodium benzoate, at doses chosen to reflect typical UK intakes, given in a drink; challenge and placebo periods.
Endpoint
Global hyperactivity aggregate, combining teacher and parent ratings with a computerised attention test.
Funding
UK Food Standards Agency

What it found. Reported a small increase in the composite hyperactivity measure in 3-year-olds and 8/9-year-olds during the additive-challenge periods compared with placebo. The authors described the effects as modest and variable between individuals.

Limitations. The additives were given as mixtures, so the result cannot be attributed to any single colour or to the benzoate. Effect sizes were small relative to the spread between children, adherence differed between age groups, and the trial measured behaviour over short challenge periods rather than long-term outcomes.

How different bodies read the evidence

Each conclusion is paraphrased in the body's own framing, from the published opinion linked beneath it. Where bodies differ, both stand; this site does not adjudicate between them or add a view of its own.

  1. EFSA 2014

    Reviewing a 28-day study requested in 2009, the ANS Panel concluded that the data provided a basis to revise the temporary ADI for Sunset Yellow FCF (E 110), and established a new ADI of 4 mg/kg bw/day, in agreement with JECFA. Exposure estimates were well below the new ADI, and it concluded that reported uses and use levels would not be of safety concern.

    Source document

  2. EFSA 2009

    In re-evaluating Sunset Yellow FCF (E 110), the ANS Panel considered that reported effects on the testes justified reducing the ADI from 2.5 to 1 mg/kg bw/day and making it temporary for two years pending a new 28-day study. It concluded that intake estimates were generally below the temporary ADI, but that exposure in children aged 1–10 could exceed it at the upper end of the range.

    Source document

  3. EFSA 2008

    Judged the trial to provide limited evidence of a small effect on activity and attention in some children, but held that the mixtures tested did not allow any effect to be attributed to an individual additive, and that the findings did not warrant changing the acceptable daily intakes.

    Action taken: Left intake limits unchanged

    Source document

  4. European Union (legislature) 2008

    Took the same evidence as grounds for a consumer-information measure rather than a change in permitted levels, requiring foods containing these colours to carry the statement that they 'may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children'.

    Action taken: Imposed a mandatory warning statement while leaving the additives authorised

    Source document

Common questions

Assembled from what is above, in the words the questions are usually asked in. Each answer is the same statement the relevant section makes, with the same citations behind it.

What is E 110?
E 110 is FD&C Yellow No. 6. FD&C Yellow No. 6, known internationally as Sunset Yellow FCF, is a synthetic orange-yellow azo dye. It appears in soft drinks, confectionery, snack foods, sauces and preserves.
What is FD&C Yellow No. 6 used for in food?
It is listed as a colour — the role Canada, Codex, the EU and the US assign it. This page shows every function each regulator records, with the citation for each.
Where is FD&C Yellow No. 6 permitted?
Of the seven regulators this site reads, Australia and New Zealand, Canada, the EU, Great Britain, Japan, South Korea, the US and the Codex standard permit it. Each permission is for named foods at named levels, not a blanket one; the table on this page gives them with citations.
Is FD&C Yellow No. 6 vegan?
Yes. FD&C Yellow No. 6 is not derived from animals, and is suitable for vegetarians. This page says what it is made from and how.

Sources for this page

  • anz retrieved 2026-10-17
  • ca retrieved 2026-10-17
  • eu retrieved 2026-10-18
  • gb retrieved 2026-10-18
  • jp retrieved 2026-10-18
  • kr retrieved 2026-10-18
  • ecfr retrieved 2026-10-17
  • gsfa retrieved 2026-09-07
  • euspecs retrieved 2026-10-18
  • jecfaspecs retrieved 2026-09-23

Full licence terms and publisher details on Sources. How this page is built and updated: Method.

Machine-readable: a JSON record of this additive is given on request —how to ask for access.

Follow changes to FD&C Yellow No. 6:Atom feed — regulatory events, and any change the weekly refresh detects in its provisions.