High fructose corn syrup

High fructose corn syrup is corn syrup in which some glucose has been converted to the sweeter fructose, giving a liquid sweetener roughly as sweet as sugar and cheaper in the United States. Its composition is close to that of sucrose, which is the point: it was designed to replace it.

Where it is and isn’t permitted

Status of High fructose corn syrup by jurisdiction. Every jurisdiction this site covers is listed, including those where the substance does not appear.
JurisdictionStatusScope and limitsCitation
United StatesFood and Drug AdministrationPermitted21 CFR 184.1866retrieved 2026-09-07
Codex AlimentariusCodex Alimentarius Commission / JECFANot listedDoes not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.

What it is made from

Made by treating corn syrup with glucose isomerase, an immobilised enzyme, to convert part of the glucose to fructose. HFCS-55, used in soft drinks, is 55 per cent fructose against sucrose's 50.

  • Vegan
  • Vegetarian

Every name it appears under

1 recorded name. A label may use any of them.

As it appears in regulation

  • High fructose corn syrup

Hazard reference values

No reference value for this substance in the sources we hold.

Evidence and how bodies read it

Studies, and the differing conclusions regulators drew from them, are curated by hand rather than machine-read, and none has been written for this substance yet.

Sources for this page

  • ecfr retrieved 2026-09-07

Full licence terms and publisher details on Sources. How this page is built and updated: Method.

Machine-readable:/api/v1/additives/high-fructose-corn-syrup.json