Potassium bisulfite

E number E228CAS 7773-03-7

Listed as a preservative by Canada and the US.

Listed as preservatives (CA, US)
Chemical structure of Potassium bisulfite, from PubChem compound 23663620
Structure from PubChem CID 23663620 (National Library of Medicine, public domain). A depiction of one compound: where a listing covers a family, or a substance has no single structure, this page shows none.

Potassium bisulfite is a preservative and antioxidant used in wine, dried fruit and juices. Sulphites must be declared above ten parts per million because they trigger reactions in some asthmatics.

Where it is and isn’t permitted

Status of Potassium bisulfite by jurisdiction. Every jurisdiction this site covers is listed, including those where the substance does not appear.
JurisdictionStatusScope and limitsCitation
Australia and New ZealandFood Standards Australia New ZealandPermitted, with conditions

39 food categories

highest permitted level 3,000 mg/kg

Show every food category
  • 0 Preparations of food additives — 350 mg/kg
  • 1.6 Cheese and cheese products — 300 mg/kg
  • 11.2 Sugars and sugar syrups — 450 mg/kg
  • 12.3 Vinegars and related products — 100 mg/kg
  • 13.4.1 Solid formulated supplementary sports foods — 115 mg/kg
  • 13.4.2 Liquid formulated supplementary sports foods — 115 mg/kg
  • 14.1.2 Fruit and vegetable juices and fruit and vegetable juice products — 115 mg/kgNote: For each item under 14.1.2, the GMP principle precludes the use of preservatives in juices represented as not preserved by chemical or heat treatment.
  • 14.1.3 Water based flavoured drinks — 115 mg/kg
  • 14.1.4 Formulated Beverages — 115 mg/kg
  • 14.2.1 Beer and related products — 25 mg/kg
  • 14.2.2 Wine, sparkling wine and fortified wine — 400 mg/kgFor product containing greater than 35 g/L residual sugars.
  • 14.2.2 Wine, sparkling wine and fortified wine — 250 mg/kgFor product containing less than 35 g/L residual sugars.
  • 14.2.4.0.1 Fruit wine, vegetable wine and mead containing greater than 5 g/L residual sugars — 300 mg/kg
  • 14.2.4.0.2 Fruit wine, vegetable wine and mead containing less than 5 g/L residual sugars — 200 mg/kg
  • 14.3 Alcoholic beverages not included in item 14.2 — 250 mg/kg
  • 20.2.0.4 Sauces and toppings (including mayonnaises and salad dressings) — 350 mg/kg
  • 3.1 Ice confection sold in liquid form — 25 mg/kg
  • 4.1.3.1 Products for manufacturing purposes — 200 mg/kgOnly apples and potatoes.
  • 4.1.3.2 Root and tuber vegetables — 50 mg/kg
  • 4.2 Frozen unprocessed fruits and vegetables — 300 mg/kgOnly frozen avocado.
  • 4.3.0.1 Ginger — 20 mg/kg
  • 4.3.0.5 Coconut milk coconut cream and coconut syrup — 30 mg/kg
  • 4.3.1 Dried fruits and vegetables — 50 mg/kgDesiccated coconut.
  • 4.3.1 Dried fruits and vegetables — 3,000 mg/kgOther dried fruit and vegetables.
  • 4.3.2 Fruits and vegetables in vinegar, oil, brine or alcohol — 750 mg/kgOnly products made from bleached vegetables.
  • 4.3.4.1 Low joule chutneys, low joule jams and low joule spreads — 285 mg/kg
  • 4.3.5 Candied fruits and vegetables — 2,000 mg/kg
  • 4.3.6 Fruit and vegetable preparations including pulp — 1,000 mg/kgFruit and vegetable preparations for manufacturing purposes.
  • 4.3.6 Fruit and vegetable preparations including pulp — 350 mg/kgOther foods.
  • 4.3.8.2 Imitation fruit — 3,000 mg/kg
  • 6.4 Flour products (including noodles and pasta) — 300 mg/kg
  • 7.2 Biscuits, cakes and pastries — 300 mg/kg
  • 8.3 Processed comminuted meat, poultry and game products, other than products listed in item 8.3.2 — 500 mg/kg
  • 8.3.2 Sausage and sausage meat containing raw, unprocessed meat — 500 mg/kg
  • 8.4 Edible casings — 500 mg/kg
  • 9.1.2 Uncooked crustacea — 100 mg/kg
  • 9.2.1 Cooked crustacea — 30 mg/kg
  • 9.4 Fully preserved fish including canned fish products — 30 mg/kg
  • 9.4.1 Canned abalone (paua) — 1,000 mg/kg
Food Standards Code, Schedule 15, S15—5and 38 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-17
CanadaHealth CanadaPermitted, with conditions

no numerical limit (good manufacturing practice)

15 permitted uses

Show every permitted use
  • In: Apple and (naming the fruit or fruits) jam; Concentrated (naming the fruit) juice, except frozen concentrated orange juice; Fig marmalade with pectin; Frozen sliced apples; (Naming the fruit or fruits) jam; (Naming the fruit or fruits) jam with pectin; (Naming the fruit or fruits) jelly with pectin; (Naming the fruit) juice; (Naming the fruits) juice; (Naming the citrus fruit or citrus fruits) marmalade with pectin; Mincemeat; Pickles and relishes; Pineapple marmalade with pectin; Rhubarb and (naming the fruit or fruits) jam; Tomato catsup; Tomato paste; Tomato pulp; Tomato puree. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(a)
  • In: Beer. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 15 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 15 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(b)
  • In: Cider; Fruit wine; Honey wine; Wine. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: Good Manufacturing Practice. The amount of potassium bisulphite, added singly or in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, not to exceed 70 ppm in the free state in the finished product, calculated as sulphur dioxide, or 350 ppm in the combined state in the finished product, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(c)
  • In: Crustaceans. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: Good Manufacturing Practice. May be used singly or in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid. In either case, the total amount not to exceed 100 ppm in the edible portion of the uncooked food, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(d)
  • In: Dextrose anhydrous; Dextrose monohydrate. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 20 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 20 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(e)
  • In: Dried fruits and vegetables. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 2,500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 2,500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(f)
  • In: Fancy molasses; Refiners' molasses; (Naming the source of the glucose) syrup; Table molasses. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(g)
  • In: Frozen mushrooms. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 90 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 90 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(h)
  • In: Gelatin. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(i)
  • In: Glucose, except glucose used for the manufacture of sugar confectionery. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 40 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 40 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(j)
  • In: Glucose used for the manufacture of sugar confectionery. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 400 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 400 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(k)
  • In: Glucose solids, except glucose solids used for the manufacture of sugar confectionery. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 40 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 40 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(l)
  • In: Glucose solids used for the manufacture of sugar confectionery. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 150 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 150 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(m)
  • In: Unstandardized beverages. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 100 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 100 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(n)
  • In: Unstandardized foods, except foods recognized as sources of thiamine, unstandardized preparations of meat or meat by-product, fish or meat (as defined in section B.21.002 of the Food and Drug Regulations), or poultry meat or poultry meat by-product and those unstandardized foods set out in paragraphs (f) and (n) of this item. Purpose: Preservative. Limit: If used singly, the amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. If used in any combination with potassium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite, sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulphite, sodium sulphite or sulphurous acid, the total combined amount not to exceed 500 ppm, calculated as sulphur dioxide. Amendment notices: NOM/ADM-0122. — Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11), item P.3(o)
Health Canada, List of Permitted Preservatives (List 11)and 14 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-17
European UnionEuropean Commission / EFSAPermitted, with conditions

41 food categories

highest permitted level 2,000 mg/kg

Show every food category
  • 11.1 Sugars and syrups as defined by directive 2001/111/ec — 10 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 10 mg/kg. only sugars, except glucose syrup. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 11.2 Other sugars and syrups — 40 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 40 mg/kg. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.2.1 Herbs and spices — 150 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 150 mg/kg. only Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum ceylanicum ). Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments — 200 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/kg. only citrus-juice-based seasonings. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.3 Vinegars and diluted acetic acid (diluted with water to 4-30 % by volume) — 170 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 170 mg/kg. only fermentation vinegar. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.4 Mustard — 250 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 250 mg/kg. excluding dijon mustard. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.9 Protein products excluding products covered in category 1 8 — 200 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/kg. only analogues of meat, fish, crustaceans and cephalopods. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.1.2 Fruit juices as defined by Directive 2001/112/EC and vegetable juices — 2,000 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 2000 mg/l. only concentrated grape juice for home wine-making.
  • 14.1.4 Flavoured_drinks — 20 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 20 mg/l. only carry over from concentrates in non-alcoholic flavoured drinks containing fruit juice.
  • 14.2.1 beer and malt beverages — 20 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 20 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.2 Wine and other products defined in Annex VII part II of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. only alcohol-free. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.3 Cider and perry — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.4 Fruit wine and made wine — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.5 Mead — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.6 Spirit drinks as defined in Regulation (EU) 2019/787 — 50 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/l. only distilled alcoholic beverages containing whole pears. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.7.1 Aromatised wines — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.7.2 Aromatised wine-based drinks — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.7.3 Aromatised wine-product cocktails — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.8 Other alcoholic beverages including mixtures of alcoholic beverages with non-alcoholic beverages and other alcoholic beverages based on distilled alcohol with alcoholic strength by volume less than 15 % — 200 mg/lPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 200 mg/l. only napój winny owocowy, napój winny miodowy, aromatyzowany napój winny owocowy, aromatyzowany napój winny miodowy,. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 15.1 Potato- cereal- flour- or starch-based snacks — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only cereal- and potato-based snacks. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 15.2 Processed nuts — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only marinated nuts. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.1.1 entire fresh fruit and vegetables — 10 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 10 mg/kg. only table grapes, fresh lychees (measured on edible parts) and blueberries ( Vaccinium corymbosum). Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.1.2 peeled cut and shredded fruit and vegetables — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only peeled potatoes. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.1.3 frozen fruit and vegetables — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only white vegetables including mushrooms and white pulses. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.1 dried fruit and vegetables — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only dried coconut. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.2 fruit and vegetables in vinegar oil or brine — 100 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 100 mg/kg. except olives and golden peppers in brine. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.3 canned or bottled fruit and vegetables — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only white vegetables, including pulses and processed mushrooms. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.4.1 fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only processed white vegetables and mushrooms. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.5 jam jellies and marmalades and similar products — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.5.1 Extra jam and extra jelly as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — 100 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 100 mg/kg. only jams, jellies and marmelades made with sulphited fruit. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.5.2 Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut puree as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg.
  • 4.2.5.3 other similar fruit or vegetable spreads — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.6 processed potato products — 400 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 400 mg/kg. only dehydrated potatoes products. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 5.2 Other confectionery including breath freshening micro-sweets — 100 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 100 mg/kg. only candied, crystallised or glacé fruit, vegetables, angelica and citrus peel. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only glucose syrup-based confectionery (carry over from the glucose syrup only). Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 6.1 whole broken or flaked grain — 30 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 30 mg/kg. only sago and pearl barley. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 6.2.2 starches — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. excluding starches in infant formulae, follow-on formulae and processed cereal-based foods and baby foods. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 7.2 Fine bakery wares — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only dry biscuits. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 8.2 Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 — 450 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 450 mg/kg. only breakfast sausages ; Burger meat with a minimum vegetable and/or cereal content of 4 % mixed within the meat. Note 1: The additives may be added individually or in combination.
  • 9.1.2 Unprocessed molluscs and crustaceans — 150 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 150 mg/kg. only fresh, frozen and deep-frozen crustaceans and cephalopods; crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family up to 80 units per kg. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 9.2 Processed fish and fishery products including molluscs and crustaceans — 50 mg/kgPermitted as a member of Sulphur dioxide - sulphites. ML = 50 mg/kg. only cooked crustaceans and cephalopods. Note 3: Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, Annex IIand 40 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-18
Great BritainFood Standards Agency / Food Standards ScotlandPermitted, with conditions

40 food categories

highest permitted level 450 mg/kg or mg/l

Show every food category
  • 11.1 Sugars and syrups as defined by Directive 2001/111/EC — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 10: only sugars, except glucose syrup; (2) ML 20: only glucose syrup, whether or not dehydrated. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 11.2 Other sugars and syrups — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 40: no further restriction; (2) ML 70: only treacle and molasses. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.2.1 Herbs and spices — 150 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 150. only cinnamon ( Cinnamomum ceylanicum ). Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. only citrus-juice-based seasonings. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.3 Vinegars and diluted acetic acid (diluted with water to 4-30 % by volume) — 170 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 170. only fermentation vinegar. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.4 Mustard — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 250: excluding Dijon mustard; (2) ML 500: only Dijon mustard. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 12.9 Protein products, excluding products covered in category 1.8 — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 200: only analogues of meat, fish, crustaceans and cephalopods; (2) ML 50: only gelatine. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.1.2 Fruit juices as defined by Directive 2001/112/EC and vegetable juices — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 2000: only concentrated grape juice for home wine-making; (2) ML 50: only orange, grapefruit, apple and pineapple juice for bulk dispensing in catering establishments; (3) ML 350: only lime and lemon juice; (4) ML 70: only grape juice, unfermented, for sacramental use. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.1.4 Flavoured drinks — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 20: only carry over from concentrates in non-alcoholic flavoured drinks containing fruit juice; (2) ML 50: only non-alcoholic flavoured drinks containing at least 235 g/l glucose syrup; (3) ML 350: only concentrates based on fruit juice and containing not less than 2,5 % barley (barley water); (4) ML 250: only other concentrates based on fruit juice or comminuted fruit; capilé, groselha. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.1 Beer and malt beverages — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 20: no further restriction; (2) ML 50: only beer with a second fermentation in the cask. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.2 Wine and other products defined by Regulation (EEC) No 1234/2007, and alcohol-free counterparts — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. only alcohol-free. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.3 Cider and perry — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.4 Fruit wine and made wine — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 200: no further restriction; (2) ML 260: only made wine. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.5 Mead — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.6 Spirit drinks as defined in Regulation (EC) No 110/2008 — 50 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 50. only distilled alcoholic beverages containing whole pears. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.7.1 Aromatised wines — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.7.2 Aromatised wine-based drinks — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.7.3 Aromatised wine-product cocktails — 200 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 200. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 14.2.8 Other alcoholic drinks including mixtures of alcoholic drinks with non-alcoholic drinks and spirits with less than 15 % of alcohol — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 200: only nalewka na winie owocowym, aromatyzowana nalewka na winie owocowym, nalewka na winie z soku winogronowego, aromatyzowana nalewka na winie z soku winogronowego, napój winny owocowy lub miodowy, aromatyzowany napój winny owocowy lub miodowy, wino owocowe niskoalkoholowe and aromatyzowane wino owocowe niskoalkoholowe; (2) ML 20: only in fermented grape must-based drinks Period of application: From 25 December 2012 . Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 15.1 Potato-, cereal-, flour- or starch-based snacks — 50 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 50. only cereal- and potato-based snacks. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 15.2 Processed nuts — 50 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 50. only marinated nuts. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.1.1 Entire fresh fruit and vegetables — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 10: only table grapes, fresh lychees (measured on edible parts) and blueberries ( Vaccinium corymbosum ); (2) ML 100: only vacuum-packed sweetcorn. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.1.2 Peeled, cut and shredded fruit and vegetables — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only peeled potatoes; (2) ML 300: only onion, garlic and shallot pulp; (3) ML 800: only horseradish pulp. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.1.3 Frozen fruit and vegetables — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only white vegetables including mushrooms and white pulses; (2) ML 100: only frozen and deep-frozen potatoes. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.1 Dried fruit and vegetables — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only dried coconut; (2) ML 50: only white vegetables, processed, including pulses; (3) ML 100: only dried mushrooms; (4) ML 150: only dried ginger; (5) ML 200: only dried tomatoes; (6) ML 400: only white vegetables, dried; (7) ML 500: only dried fruit and nuts in shell excluding dried apples, pears, bananas, apricots, peaches, grapes, prunes and figs; (8) ML 600: only dried apples and pears; (9) ML 1000: only dried bananas; (10) ML 2000: only dried apricots, peaches, grapes, prunes, and figs. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.2 Fruit and vegetables in vinegar, oil, or brine — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 100: except olives and golden peppers in brine; (2) ML 500: only golden peppers in brine. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.3 Canned or bottled fruit and vegetables — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only white vegetables, including pulses and processed mushrooms; (2) ML 250: only bottled, sliced lemon; (3) ML 100: only bottled whiteheart cherries; vacuum-packed sweetcorn. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.4.1 Fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only processed white vegetables and mushrooms; (2) ML 100: only rehydrated dried fruit and lychees, mostarda di frutta; (3) ML 300: only onion, garlic and shallot pulp; (4) ML 800: only horseradish pulp; (5) ML 800: only jellying fruit extract, liquid pectin for sale to the final consumer. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.5.1 Extra jam and extra jelly as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — 100 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 100. only jams, jellies and mermelades made with sulphited fruit. Note (3).
  • 4.2.5.2 Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut puree as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: no further restriction; (2) ML 100: only jams, jellies and marmalades made with sulphited fruit. Note (3).
  • 4.2.5.3 Other similar fruit or vegetable spreads — 50 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 50. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 4.2.6 Processed potato products — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 400: only dehydrated potatoes products; (2) ML 100: no further restriction. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 5.2 Other confectionery including breath refreshening microsweets — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 100: only candied, crystallised or glacé fruit, vegetables, angelica and citrus peel; (2) ML 50: only glucose syrup-based confectionery (carry over from the glucose syrup only). Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only glucose syrup-based confectionery (carry over from the glucose syrup only); (2) ML 40: only toppings (syrups for pancakes, flavoured syrups for milkshakes and ice cream; similar products); (3) ML 100: only fruit fillings for pastries. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 6.1 Whole, broken, or flaked grain — 30 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 30. only sago and pearl barley. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 6.2.2 Starches — 50 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 50. excluding starches in infant formulae, follow on formulae and processed cereal-based foods and baby foods. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 7.2 Fine bakery wares — 50 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. ML = 50. only dry biscuits. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 and relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 8.2 Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 — 450 mg/kg or mg/lPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 450: only breakfast sausages ; Burger meat with a minimum vegetable and/or cereal content of 4 % mixed within the meat; (2) ML 450: only salsicha fresca, longaniza fresca, butifarra fresca. Note (1): The additives may be added individually or in combination. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present.
  • 9.1.2 Unprocessed molluscs and crustaceans — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 150: only fresh, frozen and deep-frozen crustaceans and cephalopods; crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family up to 80 units per kg; (2) ML 200: only crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family between 80 and 120 units per kg; (3) ML 300: only crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family over 120 units per kg. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present. Note (10): Maximum limits in edible parts.
  • 9.2 Processed fish and fishery products including mollusks and crustaceans — several limitsPermitted as a member of E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites. (1) ML 50: only cooked crustaceans and cephalopods; (2) ML 135: only cooked crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family up to 80 units per kg; (3) ML 180: only cooked crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family between 80 and 120 units per kg; (4) ML 200: only dried salted fish of the ‘ Gadidae ’ species; (5) ML 270: only cooked crustaceans of the Penaeidae, Solenoceridae and Aristaeidae family over 120 units per kg. Note (3): Maximum levels are expressed as SO 2 relate to the total quantity, available from all sources, an SO 2 content of not more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l is not considered to be present. Note (10): Maximum limits in edible parts.
Assimilated Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, Annex II (as at 28 June 2024)and 39 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-18
JapanConsumer Affairs AgencyNo listing matchedThis site imports only Japan’s list of designated additives (Appended Table 1 to the Regulations for Enforcement of the Food Sanitation Act), matched by English name. Existing additives, natural flavouring agents and ordinary foods used as additives are permitted outside that list and are not imported, so an empty row does not show that Japan does not permit the substance.
South KoreaMinistry of Food and Drug SafetyNo listing matchedThis site imports Part III of South Korea’s Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, matched by CAS number, then INS number, then exact name. Mixed preparations and sanitisers are not imported, and an entry whose identifiers disagreed with a page’s is held for review, so an empty row does not show that South Korea does not permit the substance.
United StatesFood and Drug AdministrationPermitted21 CFR 182.3616retrieved 2026-10-17
Codex AlimentariusCodex Alimentarius Commission / JECFANot listedDoes not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.

How much is permitted

A listing usually limits the quantity as well as the food. Only one of the forms that takes is a figure: quantum satis and good manufacturing practice permit the amount the technological effect requires and no more, which is a limit rather than the absence of one. Figures below are the range across every food category this page is listed in, and categories differ between regulators — see how much is permitted.

Australia and New Zealand20 mg/kg – 3,000 mg/kg39 numeric limit
Canada—2 GMP, 13 no quantity stated
European Union10 mg/kg – 2,000 mg/kg41 numeric limit
Great Britain30 mg/kg – 450 mg/kg18 numeric limit, 22 several limits
United States—1 no quantity stated

What it is made from

Produced by reacting sulfur dioxide with potassium carbonate. It is preferred to the sodium form in wine, where added sodium is unwanted.

  • Vegan
  • Vegetarian

Compare other additives on the dietary indexes.

Allergen labelling

  • EU allergen list: sulphur dioxide and sulphites. A sulphite. Annex II item 12 requires sulphites to be declared where the food as consumed contains more than 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/litre, counted as total sulphur dioxide.

The EU’s list of allergens an ingredients list must emphasise is Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011, Annex II (consolidated text of 1 April 2025). Whether a product must declare one depends on what its additive was actually made from, which the label may not show; see the allergen origin index.

CAS registry number
7773-03-7
InChIKey
DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M
PubChem
CID 23663620

How the EU defines it

The legal specification an additive must meet to be sold as this E number in the EU — what it is, how it may be made, and the purity it must reach. From Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012.

E 228 Potassium hydrogen sulphite

Assay, identification and purity criteria

Description and assay

Einecs
231-870-1
Chemical name
Potassium bisulphite; Potassium hydrogen sulphite
Chemical formula
KHSO₃ in aqueous solution
Molecular weight
120,17
Assay
Content not less than 280 g KHSO₃ per litre (or 150 g SO₂ per litre)
Description
Clear colourless aqueous solution

Identification

Test for sulphite
Passes test
Test for potassium
Passes test

Purity criteria

Iron
Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO₂ content
Selenium
Not more than 5 mg/kg based on the SO₂ content
Arsenic
Not more than 3 mg/kg
Lead
Not more than 2 mg/kg
Mercury
Not more than 1 mg/kg

Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012, Annex, E 228

Authorised in other additives, enzymes, flavourings and nutrients

These authorisations are not for use in food. They let this substance be used inside another additive, a food enzyme, a flavouring or a nutrient preparation — often as a carrier — and it reaches food only as part of that product. Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008.

PartMay be used inMaximum levelCitation
Annex III, Part 2: Food additives other than carriers in food additivesColour preparations (except E163 anthocyanins, E 150 b caustic sulphite caramel and E 150 d sulphite ammonia caramel)Authorised as a member of Table 3 of Part 6 (Sulphur dioxide — sulphites), listed as "E 220-E 228 Sulphur dioxide — sulphites (Table 3 of Part 6)" Note (1): Except enzymes authorised as food additives. Note (2): E 163 anthocyanins may contain up to 100 000 mg/kg sulphites. E 150 b caustic sulphite caramel and E 150 d sulphite ammonia caramel may contain 2 000 mg/kg according to the purity criteria (Directive 2008/128/EC).100 mg/kg in the preparation and 2 mg/kg expressed as SO₂ in the final product as calculatedRegulation (EC) No 1333/2008, Annex III, Part 2, via Table 3 of Part 6

Every name it appears under

53 recorded names. A label may use any of them.

E number

  • E228

CAS registry number

  • 4429-42-9
  • 7773-03-7

As it appears in regulation

  • Potassium bisulfite
  • Potassium hydrogen sulphite

Other names

  • E 228
  • HSDB 1263
  • INS NO.228
  • INS-228
  • Kaliumbisulfit
  • Monopotassium sulfite
  • Potassium acid sulfite
  • POTASSIUM BISULFITE
  • POTASSIUM BISULFITE (II)
  • POTASSIUM BISULFITE (MART.)
  • POTASSIUM BISULFITE SOLUTION
  • POTASSIUM BISULPHITE
  • POTASSIUM BISULPHITE SOLUTION
  • Potassium hydrogen sulfite
  • Potassium hydrogen sulphite
  • potassium hydrogensulfite
  • Potassium sulfite (KHSO3)
  • Potassium sulfite, hydrogen
  • QJK5LO891P
  • Sulfite, potassium metabi-
  • Sulfurous acid, monopotassium salt
  • Sulfurous acid, potassium salt (1:1)

Systematic names

  • Potassium hydrogen sulfite

Hazard reference values

Values set by assessing bodies. A body that has not set a value is not listed here.
TypeValuePopulationAssessed byOpinion
ADI0.7 mg/kg bw/day—JECFA1998

Evidence and how bodies read it

What assessing bodies concluded

Each conclusion is paraphrased in the body's own framing, from the published opinion linked beneath it. Where bodies differ, both stand; this site does not adjudicate between them or add a view of its own.

  1. EFSA 2022

    In a follow-up to the 2016 re-evaluation, the FAF Panel found no substantial reduction in uncertainties for sulfur dioxide and sulfites (E 220–E 228), considered the database inadequate to derive an ADI, and withdrew the temporary group ADI. Using a margin of exposure approach based on effects on visual evoked potentials, it concluded that estimated dietary exposures raise a safety concern, and recommended tighter limits for toxic elements.

    Source document

  2. EFSA 2016

    The ANS Panel concluded that the group ADI of 0.7 mg SO2 equivalent/kg bw/day for sulfur dioxide and sulfites (E 220–E 228) remained adequate but should be considered temporary while the limited database was improved, and recommended a re-evaluation. It concluded that estimated exposure was higher than the group ADI for all population groups.

    Source document

Common questions

Assembled from what is above, in the words the questions are usually asked in. Each answer is the same statement the relevant section makes, with the same citations behind it.

What is E 228?
E 228 is Potassium bisulfite. Potassium bisulfite is a preservative and antioxidant used in wine, dried fruit and juices. Sulphites must be declared above ten parts per million because they trigger reactions in some asthmatics.
What is Potassium bisulfite used for in food?
It is listed as a preservative — the role Canada and the US assign it. This page shows every function each regulator records, with the citation for each.
Where is Potassium bisulfite permitted?
Of the seven regulators this site reads, Australia and New Zealand, Canada, the EU, Great Britain and the US permit it. Each permission is for named foods at named levels, not a blanket one; the table on this page gives them with citations.
Is Potassium bisulfite vegan?
Yes. Potassium bisulfite is not derived from animals, and is suitable for vegetarians. This page says what it is made from and how.

Sources for this page

  • anz retrieved 2026-10-17
  • ca retrieved 2026-10-17
  • eu retrieved 2026-10-18
  • gb retrieved 2026-10-18
  • ecfr retrieved 2026-10-17
  • euspecs retrieved 2026-10-18

Full licence terms and publisher details on Sources. How this page is built and updated: Method.

Machine-readable: a JSON record of this additive is given on request —how to ask for access.

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