What is Sodium dihydrogen citrate used for in food?

It is listed as an emulsifier, an acidity regulator and a stabiliser — the role Codex assigns it. This page shows every function each regulator records, with the citation for each.

Where is Sodium dihydrogen citrate permitted?

Of the seven regulators this site reads, Australia and New Zealand, the EU, Great Britain, South Korea and the Codex standard permit it. Each permission is for named foods at named levels, not a blanket one; the table on this page gives them with citations.

Is Sodium dihydrogen citrate vegan?

Yes. Sodium dihydrogen citrate is not derived from animals, and is suitable for vegetarians. This page says what it is made from and how.

Sodium dihydrogen citrate

INS 331(i)

Listed as an emulsifier, an acidity regulator and a stabiliser by Codex.

Listed as emulsifiers (Codex) · acidity regulators (Codex) · stabilisers (Codex) · sequestrants (Codex) · emulsifying salts (Codex)

Codex Alimentarius: Emulsifier — CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(i)
Codex Alimentarius: Acidity regulator — CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(i)
Codex Alimentarius: Stabilizer — CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(i)
Codex Alimentarius: Sequestrant — CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(i)
Codex Alimentarius: Emulsifying salt — CXS 192-1995 Table One, INS 331(i)

Structure from PubChem CID 23666341 (National Library of Medicine, public domain). A depiction of one compound: where a listing covers a family, or a substance has no single structure, this page shows none.

Sodium dihydrogen citrate, or monosodium citrate, is an acidity regulator and sequestrant used in drinks, jams and dairy products where a milder buffering effect than the trisodium salt is wanted.

Where it is and isn’t permitted

Status of Sodium dihydrogen citrate by jurisdiction. Every jurisdiction this site covers is listed, including those where the substance does not appear.
Jurisdiction	Status	Scope and limits	Citation
Australia and New ZealandFood Standards Australia New Zealand	Permitted, with conditions	57 food categories no numerical limit (good manufacturing practice) Show every food category 0 Preparations of food additives — GMP 1.1.1 Liquid milk (including buttermilk) — GMPOnly UHT goats milk. 1.1.2 Liquid milk products and flavoured liquid milk — GMP 1.2.2 Fermented milk products and rennetted milk products — GMP 1.3 Condensed milk and evaporated milk — GMP 1.4.1 Cream, reduced cream and light cream — GMPOnly UHT creams and creams receiving equivalent or greater heat treatments. 1.4.2 Cream products (flavoured, whipped, thickened, sour cream etc) — GMP 1.5 Dried milk, milk powder, cream powder — GMP 1.6 Cheese and cheese products — GMP 10.2 Liquid egg products — GMP 10.3 Frozen egg products — GMP 10.4 Dried or heat coagulated egg products — GMP 11.1.1 Rainbow sugar — GMP 11.3.1 Dried honey — GMP 11.4 Tabletop sweeteners — GMP 12.1.2 Reduced sodium salt mixture — GMP 12.1.3 Salt substitute — GMP 12.5 Yeast and yeast products — GMP 12.6 Vegetable protein products — GMP 13.1 Infant formula products — GMPApplies in Australia; New Zealand has not adopted Standard 2.9.1 (infant formula products) and applies its own infant formula standard. 13.2 Foods for infants — GMP 13.3 Formulated meal replacements and formulated supplementary foods — GMP 13.4 Formulated supplementary sports foods — GMP 13.5 Food for special medical purposes — GMP 14.1.1.2 Carbonated, mineralised and soda waters — GMP 14.1.2.1 Fruit and vegetable juices — GMPFor juice separated by other than mechanical means only. 14.1.2.2 Fruit and vegetable juice products — GMP 14.1.3 Water based flavoured drinks — GMP 14.1.4 Formulated Beverages — GMP 14.1.5 Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions and similar products — GMP 14.2.3 Wine based drinks and reduced alcohol wines — GMP 14.2.4.1 Fruit wine products and vegetable wine products — GMP 14.2.5 Spirits and liqueurs — GMP 14.3 Alcoholic beverages not included in item 14.2 — GMP 2.1 Edible oils essentially free of water — GMP 2.2.1.2 Butter products — GMP 2.2.1.3 Margarine and similar products — GMP 2.2.2 Oil emulsions (<80% oil) — GMP 20 Foods not included in items 0 to 14 — GMP 3 Ice cream and edible ices — GMP 4.1.3 Fruits and vegetables that are peeled, cut, or both peeled and cut — GMP 4.3 Processed fruits and vegetables — GMP 5.1 Chocolate and cocoa products — GMP 5.2 Sugar confectionery — GMP 5.4 Icings and frostings — GMP 6.3 Processed cereal and meal products — GMP 6.4 Flour products (including noodles and pasta) — GMP 7 Breads and bakery products — GMP 8.2 Processed meat, poultry and game products in whole cuts or pieces — GMP 8.3 Processed comminuted meat, poultry and game products, other than products listed in item 8.3.2 — GMP 8.3.2 Sausage and sausage meat containing raw, unprocessed meat — GMP 8.4 Edible casings — GMP 8.5 Animal protein products — GMP 9.1.2 Uncooked crustacea — GMP 9.2 Processed fish and fish products — GMP 9.3 Semi preserved fish and fish products — GMP 9.4 Fully preserved fish including canned fish products — GMP	Food Standards Code, Schedule 15, S15—5and 56 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-17
CanadaHealth Canada	No listing matchedHealth Canada’s lists name additives without E or INS numbers, so this site matches them by exact name. A substance listed there under a name this site does not recognise has no row here.Related listing with permitted uses here: Sodium citrate. This site cannot tell whether that listing covers this exact form.
European UnionEuropean Commission / EFSA	Permitted, with conditions	92 food categories highest permitted level 4,000 mg/l Show every food category 1.1 unflavoured pasteurised and sterilised (including UHT) milk — 4,000 mg/lAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 4000 mg/l. only UHT goat milk. 1.10 Milk-based drinks and similar products intended for young children* — 2,000 mg/lAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 2000 mg/l. 1.3 unflavoured fermented milk products heat-treated after fermentation — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 1.4 flavoured fermented milk products including heat-treated products — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 1.5 dehydrated milk as defined by directive 2001/114/ec — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 1.6.3 other creams — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 1.7.1 unripened cheese excluding products falling in category 16Authorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. except mozzarella. 1.7.5 processed cheese — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML =10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid;E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressedas guanylic acid. 1.7.6 cheese products (excluding products falling in category 16) — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 1.8 Dairy analogues, including beverage whiteners — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 1.9 Edible caseinates — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 10.2 processed eggs and egg products — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML =10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid;E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressedas guanylic acid. 11.2 Other sugars and syrups — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 11.4.1 table-top sweeteners in liquid form — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 11.4.2 table-top sweeteners in powder form — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 11.4.3 table-top sweeteners in tablets — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 12.1.2 salt substitutes — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.3 Vinegars and diluted acetic acid (diluted with water to 4-30 % by volume) — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.4 Mustard — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.5 Soups and broths — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.6 Sauces — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.7 Salads and savoury-based sandwich spreads — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.8 Yeast and yeast products — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 12.9 Protein products excluding products covered in category 1 8 — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 13.1 foods for infants and young childrenAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. For uses in nutrient preparations under the condition that the maximum level in foods mentioned in Part E, points 01.10 and 13.1, of Annex II is not exceeded and the conditions of use specified therein are respected. 13.1.1 infant formulae as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 — 2,000 mg/kgAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 2000 mg/kg. Note 43: E 331 and E 332 are authorised individually or in combination and in conformity with the the limits set in Directives 2006/141/EC, 2006/125/EC, 1999/21/EC. 13.1.2 follow-on formulae as defined by by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 — 2,000 mg/kgAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 2000 mg/kg. Note 43: E 331 and E 332 are authorised individually or in combination and in conformity with the the limits set in Directives 2006/141/EC, 2006/125/EC, 1999/21/EC. 13.1.3 Processed cereal-based foods and baby foods as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. only processed cereal based foods and baby foods, only for pH adjustment. 13.1.5.1 Foods for special medical purposes as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013, intended for infants — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 13.2 Foods for special medical purposes as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 (excluding products from food category 13.1.5.) — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 13.3 Total diet replacement for weight control food as defined by Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 14.1.2 Fruit juices as defined by Directive 2001/112/EC and vegetable juicesAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. only vegetable juices. 14.1.3 Fruit nectars as defined by Directive 2001/112/EC and vegetable nectars and similar productsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. only vegetable nectars, E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.1.4 Flavoured_drinksAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E 421, E 953, E 965, E 966 and E 967 may not be used E 968 may not be used except where specifically provided for in this food category. 14.1.5.2 otherAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. excluding unflavoured leaf tea; including flavoured instant coffee; E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used in drinks. 14.2.3 Cider and perryAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.4 Fruit wine and made wineAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.5 MeadAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.6 Spirit drinks as defined in Regulation (EU) 2019/787Authorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. except whisky or whiskey; E 420, E421, E 953, E 965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used except in liqueurs. 14.2.7.1 Aromatised winesAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.7.2 Aromatised wine-based drinksAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.7.3 Aromatised wine-product cocktailsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.8 Other alcoholic beverages including mixtures of alcoholic beverages with non-alcoholic beverages and other alcoholic beverages based on distilled alcohol with alcoholic strength by volume less than 15 %Authorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 420, E421, E 953, E 965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 15.1 Potato- cereal- flour- or starch-based snacks — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 15.2 Processed nuts — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 16 Desserts excluding products covered in category 1 3 and 4 — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 17.1 food supplements supplied in a solid form excluding food supplements for infants and young children’,Authorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 410, E 412, E 415, E 417 and E 425 may not be used to produce dehydrated food supplements intended to rehydrate on ingestion. 17.2 food supplements supplied in a liquid form excluding food supplements for Infants and young children — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 18 Processed foods not covered by categories 1 to 17 — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 18.1 Processed foods not covered by categories 18.2 and 18.3, excluding foods for infants and young children — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 18.2 Meal replacement for weight control as referred to in Commission Regulation (EU) No 432/2012 — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 18.3 Food specially produced to reduce the gluten content of gluten-containing ingredients or substitute the gluten-containing ingredientsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. Including dry pasta. 2.1 fats and oils essentially free from water (excluding anhydrous milk fat) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. except virgin oils and olive oils. 2.2.2 Other fat and oil emulsions including spreads as defined by Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 and liquid emulsions — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 2.3 Vegetable oil pan spray — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 3 edible ices — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 4.1.2 peeled cut and shredded fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. only prepacked refrigerated unprocessed fruit and vegetables ready for consumption and prepacked unprocessed and peeled potatoes. 4.1.3 frozen fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.1 dried fruit and vegetablesAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. E 410, E 412, E 415 and E 417 may not be used to produce dehydrated foods intended to rehydrate on ingestion. 4.2.2 fruit and vegetables in vinegar oil or brine — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 4.2.3 canned or bottled fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.4.1 fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 4.2.4.2 compote excluding products covered by category 16 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5 jam jellies and marmalades and similar products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.1 Extra jam and extra jelly as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.2 Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut puree as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.3 other similar fruit or vegetable spreads — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.4 nut butters and nut spreads — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 4.2.6 processed potato products — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 5.1 Cocoa and chocolate products as covered by Directive 2000/36/ECAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. only energy-reduced or with no added sugars. 5.2 Other confectionery including breath freshening micro-sweetsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. The substances listed under numbers E 400, E 401, E 402, E 403, E 404, E 406, E 407, 407a, E 410, E 412, E 413, E 414, E 415, E 417, E 418, E 425 and E 440 may not be used in jelly mini-cups, defined, for the purpose of this Regulation, as jelly confectionery of a firm consistence, contained in semi rigid mini-cups or mini-capsules, intended to be ingested in a single bite by exerting pressure on the mini-cups or mini-capsule to project the confectionery into the mouth; E 410, E 412, E 415 E 417 may not be used to produce dehydrated foods intended to rehydrate on ingestion. E425 may not be used in jelly confectionery. 5.3 chewing gum — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.2.2 starches — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.3 breakfast cereals — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.4.2 Dry pasta — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.4.4 Potato GnocchiAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. except fresh refrigerated potato gnocchi. 6.4.5 fillings of stuffed pasta (ravioli and similar) — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.5 Noodles — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.6 Batters — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 6.7 pre-cooked or processed cereals — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 7.1 Bread and rollsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. except products in 7.1.1 and 7.1.2. 7.2 Fine bakery wares — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 8.2 Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. only gehakt, prepacked preparations of fresh minced meat and meat preparations to which other ingredients than additives or salt have been added. 8.3.1 Non-heat-treated processed meat — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 8.3.2 Heat-treated meat productsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. except foie gras, foie gras entier, blocs de foie gras, Libamáj, libamáj egészben, libamáj tömbben. 8.3.3 Casings and coatings and decorations for meat — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 9.1.1 Unprocessed fish — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 9.1.2 Unprocessed molluscs and crustaceans — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 9.2 Processed fish and fishery products including molluscs and crustaceans — several limitsAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. ML = quantum satis; except E 425 ML = 10000 mg/kg; E 620 to E 625, ML = 10000 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid; E 626 to E 635, ML = 500 mg/kg individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid. 9.3 fish roeAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I, Additives. only processed fish roe.	Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, Annex IIand 91 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-18
Great BritainFood Standards Agency / Food Standards Scotland	Permitted, with conditions	88 food categories highest permitted level 4,000 mg/kg or mg/l Show every food category 1.1 Unflavoured pasteurised and sterilised (including UHT) milk — 4,000 mg/kg or mg/lAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 4000. only UHT goat milk. 1.3 Unflavoured fermented milk products, heat-treated after fermentation — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 1.4 Flavoured fermented milk products including heat-treated products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 1.5 Dehydrated milk as defined by Directive 2001/114/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 1.6.3 Other creams — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 1.7.1 Unripened cheese excluding products falling in category 16 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. except mozzarella. 1.7.5 Processed cheese — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 1.7.6 Cheese products (excluding products falling in category 16) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 1.8 Dairy analogues, including beverage whiteners — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 1.9 Edible caseinates — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 10.2 Processed eggs and egg products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 11.2 Other sugars and syrups — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 11.4.1 Table-top sweeteners in liquid form — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 11.4.2 Table-top sweeteners in powder form — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 11.4.3 Table-top sweeteners in tablets — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 12.1.2 Salt substitutes — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.3 Vinegars and diluted acetic acid (diluted with water to 4-30 % by volume) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.4 Mustard — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.5 Soups and broths — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.6 Sauces — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.7 Salads and savoury based sandwich spreads — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.8 Yeast and yeast products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 12.9 Protein products, excluding products covered in category 1.8 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 13.1.1 Infant formulae as defined by Commission Directive 2006/141/EC — 2,000 mg/kg or mg/lAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 2000. Note (43): E 331 and E 332 are authorised individually or in combination and in conformity with the limits set in Directives 2006/141/EC, 2006/125/EC, 1999/21/EC. 13.1.2 Follow-on formulae as defined by Directive 2006/141/EC — 2,000 mg/kg or mg/lAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 2000. Note (43): E 331 and E 332 are authorised individually or in combination and in conformity with the limits set in Directives 2006/141/EC, 2006/125/EC, 1999/21/EC. 13.1.3 Processed cereal-based foods and baby foods for infants and young children as defined by Commission Directive 2006/125/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. only processed cereal-based foods and baby foods, only for pH adjustment. 13.1.4 Other foods for young children — 2,000 mg/kg or mg/lAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. ML = 2000. Note (43): E 331 and E 332 are authorised individually or in combination and in conformity with the limits set in Directives 2006/141/EC, 2006/125/EC and 1999/21/EC. 13.1.5.1 Dietary foods for infants for special medical purposes and special formulae for infants — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 13.2 Dietary foods for special medical purposes defined in Directive 1999/21/EC (excluding products from food category 13.1.5) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 13.3 Dietary foods for weight control diets intended to replace total daily food intake or an individual meal (the whole or part of the total daily diet) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 13.4 Foods suitable for people intolerant to gluten as defined by Commission Regulation (EC) No 41/2009 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. including dry pasta. 14.1.2 Fruit juices as defined by Directive 2001/112/EC and vegetable juices — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. only vegetable juices. 14.1.3 Fruit nectars as defined by Directive 2001/112/EC and vegetable nectars and similar products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. only vegetable nectars, E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.1.4 Flavoured drinks — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E 421, E 953, E 965, E 966 and E 967 may not be used E 968 may not be used except where specifically provided for in this food category. 14.1.5.2 Other — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. excluding unflavoured leaf tea; including flavoured instant coffee; E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used in drinks. 14.2.3 Cider and perry — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.4 Fruit wine and made wine — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.5 Mead — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.6 Spirit drinks as defined in Regulation (EC) No 110/2008 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. except whisky or whiskey; E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used except in liqueurs. 14.2.7.1 Aromatised wines — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.7.2 Aromatised wine-based drinks — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.7.3 Aromatised wine-product cocktails — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 14.2.8 Other alcoholic drinks including mixtures of alcoholic drinks with non-alcoholic drinks and spirits with less than 15 % of alcohol — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 420, E421, E 953, E965, E 966, E 967 and E 968 may not be used. 15.1 Potato-, cereal-, flour- or starch-based snacks — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 15.2 Processed nuts — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 16 Desserts excluding products covered in categories 1, 3 and 4 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 17.1 Food supplements supplied in a solid form, excluding food supplements for infants and young children — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 410, E 412, E 415, E 417 and E 425 may not be used to produce dehydrated food supplements intended to rehydrate on ingestion. 17.2 Food supplements supplied in a liquid form, excluding food supplements for infants and young children — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 18 Processed foods not covered by categories 1 to 17, excluding foods for infants and young children — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 2.1 Fats and oils essentially free from water (excluding anhydrous milkfat) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. except virgin oils and olive oils. 2.2.2 Other fat and oil emulsions including spreads as defined by Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 and liquid emulsions — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 2.3 Vegetable oil pan spray — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 3 Edible ices — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 4.1.2 Peeled, cut and shredded fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. only prepacked refrigerated unprocessed fruit and vegetables ready for consumption and prepacked unprocessed and peeled potatoes. 4.1.3 Frozen fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.1 Dried fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. E 410, E 412, E 415 E 417 may not be used to produce dehydrated foods intended to rehydrate on ingestion. 4.2.2 Fruit and vegetables in vinegar, oil, or brine — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 4.2.3 Canned or bottled fruit and vegetables — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.4.1 Fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 4.2.4.2 Compote, excluding products covered by category 16 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.1 Extra jam and extra jelly as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.2 Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut puree as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.3 Other similar fruit or vegetable spreads — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 4.2.5.4 Nut butters and nut spreads — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 4.2.6 Processed potato products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 5.1 Cocoa and chocolate products as covered by Directive 2000/36/EC — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. only energy-reduced or with no added sugar. 5.2 Other confectionery including breath refreshening microsweets — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. The substances listed under numbers E 400, E 401, E 402, E 403, E 404, E 406, E 407, 407a, E 410, E 412, E 413, E 414, E 415, E 417, E 418, E 425 and E 440 may not be used in jelly mini-cups, defined, for the purpose of this Regulation, as jelly confectionery of a firm consistence, contained in semi rigid mini-cups or mini-capsules, intended to be ingested in a single bite by exerting pressure on the mini-cups or mini-capsule to project the confectionery into the mouth; E 410, E 412, E 415 E 417 may not be used to produce dehydrated foods intended to rehydrate on ingestion. E425 may not be used in jelly confectionery. 5.3 Chewing gum — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 6.2.2 Starches — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 6.3 Breakfast cereals — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 6.4.2 Dry pasta — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. only gluten free and/or pasta intended for hypoproteic diets in accordance with Directive 2009/39/EC. 6.4.4 Potato gnocchi — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. except fresh refrigerated potato gnocchi. 6.4.5 Fillings of stuffed pasta (ravioli and similar) — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 6.5 Noodles — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 6.6 Batters — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 6.7 Pre-cooked or processed cereals — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 7.1 Bread and rolls — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. except products in 7.1.1 and 7.1.2. 7.2 Fine bakery wares — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 8.2 Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. only gehakt, prepacked preparations of fresh minced meat and meat preparations to which other ingredients than additives or salt have been added. 8.3.1 Non-heat-treated meat products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 8.3.2 Heat-treated meat products — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. except foie gras, foie gras entier, blocs de foie gras, Libamáj, libamáj egészben, libamáj tömbben. 8.3.3 Casings and coatings and decorations for meat — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 9.1.1 Unprocessed fish — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 9.1.2 Unprocessed molluscs and crustaceans — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. quantum satis. 9.2 Processed fish and fishery products including mollusks and crustaceans — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. 9.3 Fish roe — quantum satisAuthorised under E 331, Sodium citrates. Permitted as a member of Group I. quantum satis. only processed fish roe.	Assimilated Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, Annex II (as at 28 June 2024)and 87 further provisionsretrieved 2026-10-18
JapanConsumer Affairs Agency	No listing matchedThis site imports only Japan’s list of designated additives (Appended Table 1 to the Regulations for Enforcement of the Food Sanitation Act), matched by English name. Existing additives, natural flavouring agents and ordinary foods used as additives are permitted outside that list and are not imported, so an empty row does not show that Japan does not permit the substance.Related listing with permitted uses here: Sodium citrate. This site cannot tell whether that listing covers this exact form.
South KoreaMinistry of Food and Drug Safety	Permitted, with conditions	Designated food additive: Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, Part III, 1. … Designated food additive: Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, Part III, 1. 일반식품첨가물 (general food additives), 구연산일나트륨 (“Monosodium Citrate”, the English the Code prints beside it). Main use (주용도) of 구연산일나트륨: 산도조절제. Standard for use (사용기준) of 구연산일나트륨: (1) [to be used under the general standard for use in II. 2. 1), the minimum amount that achieves the technical effect, with no limit set for this additive in particular] “II. 2. 1)의 규정에 따라 사용하여야 한다.” The Korean is the standard as published. There is no official English translation of the current Code (the English version on MFDS’s website is the 2020 edition and has no legal effect); the English in square brackets is this site’s description of what each sentence does, not a translation of the foods or the levels. Compositional specifications (Part IV) are not imported, nor are the general standards in Part II, which apply to every additive.	Standards and Specifications for Food Additives (식품첨가물의 기준 및 규격), MFDS Notification, Part III (Standards for use, by item)retrieved 2026-10-18
United StatesFood and Drug Administration	Not listedDoes not appear on this jurisdiction’s permitted list. That is not the same as being prohibited.
Codex AlimentariusCodex Alimentarius Commission / JECFA	Permitted, with conditions	23 food categories highest permitted level 5,000 mg/kg Show every food category and its notes 01.1.3 Fluid Buttermilk (plain) — GMP Note 261 For use in heat-treated buttermilk only. 01.2.1.2 Fermented milks (plain), heat-treated after fermentation — GMP Note 234 For use as a stabilizer or thickener only. Note 631 Except for use in plain fermented milks and drinks based on fermented milks that are heat treated after fermentation conforming to the Standard for Fermented Milks (CXS 243-2003) as an acidity regulator. 01.2.2 Renneted milk (plain) — GMP 01.4.1 Pasteurized cream (plain) — GMP Note XS288 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Cream and Prepared Creams (CXS 288-1976) 01.4.2 Sterilized and UHT creams, whipping and whipped creams, and reduced fat creams (plain) — GMP 01.8.2 Dried whey and whey products, excluding whey cheeses — GMP Note XS331 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Dairy Permeate Powders (CXS 331-2017). 02.1.1 Butter oil, anhydrous milkfat, ghee — GMP Note 171 Excluding anhydrous milkfat. 02.1.2 Vegetable oils and fats — GMP Note 511 Excluding virgin and cold pressed oils in products conforming to the Standard for Edible Fats and Oils not Covered by Individual Standards (CXS 19-1981) and the Standard for Named Vegetable Oils (CXS 210-1999). Note XS33 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Olive Oils and Olive Pomace Oils (CODEX STAN 33-1981). Note XS325R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Unrefined Shea Butter (CXS 325R-2017). 02.1.3 Lard, tallow, fish oil, and other animal fats — GMP Note 522 For use in products conforming to the Standard for Edible Fats and Oils not Covered by Individual Standards (CXS 19-1981) and Named Animal Fats (CXS 211-1999). Note XS329 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fish Oils (CXS 329-2017). 04.2.1.1 Untreated fresh vegetables, (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes (including soybeans), and aloe vera), seaweeds and nuts and seeds — GMP Note 262 For use in edible fungi and fungus products only. Note XS40R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Chanterelles (CXS 40R-2017). Note XS304R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Culantro Coyote (CXS 304R-2011). Note XS324R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Yacon (CXS 324R-2017). Note XS335R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Fresh leaves of Gnetum spp. (CXS 335R-2020). Note XS336R Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for kava products for use as a beverage when mixed with water (North America and South West Pacific) (CXS 336R-2020). 04.2.2.1 Frozen vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds and nuts and seeds — GMP Note 29 For use in non-standardized food. Note 93 For use in French fried potatoes conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Vegetables (CXS 320-2015) as a sequestrant. 08.1.1 Fresh meat, poultry and game, whole pieces or cuts — GMP Note 16 For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only. Note 326 For use in fresh meat, poultry and game products only. 08.1.2 Fresh meat, poultry and game, comminuted — GMP Note 281 For use in fresh minced meat which contains other ingredients apart from comminuted meat only. 09.2 Processed fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms — GMP Note 253 For non-standardized foods and for use in minced fish flesh only in products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Fish Sticks (Fish Fingers), Fish Portions and Fish Fillets - Breaded or in Batter (CODEX STAN 166-1989). Note 391 For non-standardized food and for minced fish flesh only in products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Blocks of Fish Fillets, Minced Fish Flesh and Mixtures of Fillets and Minced Fish Flesh (CODEX STAN 165-1989). Note XS36 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Finfish, Uneviscerated and Eviscerated (CODEX STAN 36-1981). Note XS92 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Shrimps and Prawns (CODEX STAN 92-1981). Note XS95 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Lobsters (CODEX STAN 95-1981). Note XS167 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Salted Fish and Dried Salted Fish of the Gadidae Family of Fishes (CODEX STAN 167-1989). Note XS189 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Dried Shark Fins (CODEX STAN 189-1993). Note XS190 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Fish Fillets (CODEX STAN 190-1995). Note XS191 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Raw Squid (CODEX STAN 191-1995). Note XS222 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Crackers from Marine and Freshwater Fish, Crustaceans and Molluscan Shellfish (CODEX STAN 222-2001). Note XS236 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Boiled Dried Salted Anchovies (CODEX STAN 236-2003). Note XS244 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Salted Atlantic Herring and Salted Sprat (CODEX STAN 244-2004). Note XS292 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Live and Raw Bivalve Molluscs (CODEX STAN 292-2008). Note XS311 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Smoked Fish, Smoked-flavoured Fish and Smoke-dried Fish (CODEX STAN 311-2013). Note XS312 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Live Abalone and for Raw Fresh Chilled or Frozen Abalone for Direct Consumption or for Further Processing (CODEX STAN 312-2013). Note XS315 Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fresh and Quick Frozen Raw Scallop Products (CODEX STAN 315-2014). 10.2.1 Liquid egg products — GMP 10.2.2 Frozen egg products — GMP 11.4 Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings) — GMP Note 258 Excluding maple syrup. 12.1.2 Salt substitutes — GMP 13.1.1 Infant formulae — GMP Note 55 Within the limits for sodium, calcium, and potassium specified in the Standard for Infant Formula and Formulas for Special Medical Purposes Intended for Infants (CXS 72-1981): singly or in combination with other sodium, calcium, and/or potassium salts. Note 551 Maximum use level is expressed as mg additive/L of food. 13.1.2 Follow-up formulae — GMP Note 316 For use in follow-up formula for older infants: within the limit for sodium specified in the standard for Follow-up Formula for older infants and product for young children (CXS 156-1987); singly or in combination with other sodium containing additives. Note 551 Maximum use level is expressed as mg additive/L of food. 13.1.3 Formulae for special medical purposes for infants — GMP Note 55 Within the limits for sodium, calcium, and potassium specified in the Standard for Infant Formula and Formulas for Special Medical Purposes Intended for Infants (CXS 72-1981): singly or in combination with other sodium, calcium, and/or potassium salts. Note 551 Maximum use level is expressed as mg additive/L of food. 13.2 Complementary foods for infants and young children — 5,000 mg/kg Note 238 Except for use in products corresponding to the Standard for Processed Cereal-Based Foods for Infants and Young Children (CODEX STAN 74-1981) at GMP. Note 319 Within the limit for sodium listed in the Codex Standard for Canned Baby Food (CODEX STAN 73-1981) for foods corresponding to that standard : singly or in combination with other sodium containing additives. Note 320 Within the limit for sodium listed in the Codex Standard for Processed Cereal-based Foods for Infants and Young Children (CODEX STAN 74-1981) for foods corresponding to that standard : singly or in combination with other sodium containing additives. 14.1.5 Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa — GMP Note 160 For use in ready-to-drink products and pre-mixes for ready-to-drink products only.	CXS 192-1995 Table Three, INS 331(i)and 23 further provisionsretrieved 2026-09-07

How much is permitted

A listing usually limits the quantity as well as the food. Only one of the forms that takes is a figure: quantum satis and good manufacturing practice permit the amount the technological effect requires and no more, which is a limit rather than the absence of one. Figures below are the range across every food category this page is listed in, and categories differ between regulators — see how much is permitted.

Australia and New Zealand	—	57 GMP
European Union	2,000 mg/kg – 4,000 mg/kg	4 numeric limit, 46 several limits, 19 quantum satis, 23 no quantity stated
Great Britain	2,000 mg/kg – 4,000 mg/kg	4 numeric limit, 84 quantum satis
South Korea	—	1 no quantity stated
Codex Alimentarius	5,000 mg/kg	1 numeric limit, 23 GMP

What it is made from

Made by partially neutralising fermentation-derived citric acid with sodium.

Vegan
Vegetarian

Compare other additives on the dietary indexes.

InChIKey: HWPKGOGLCKPRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
PubChem: CID 23666341

The two specifications, compared

The European Union sets identity and purity by regulation; JECFA publishes its own through FAO, advisory until a country adopts it. Both documents are below in full. These are the parameters each puts a number on.

Parameter	European Union	JECFA
Assay	no less than 99 %	—
Loss on drying	no more than 1 %	—
Lead	no more than 1 mg/kg	—
Arsenic	no more than 1 mg/kg	—
Mercury	no more than 1 mg/kg	—

The two documents state the same figures for every parameter compared here.

How the EU defines it

The legal specification an additive must meet to be sold as this E number in the EU — what it is, how it may be made, and the purity it must reach. From Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012.

E 331(i) Monosodium citrate

Synonyms: Monobasic sodium citrate

Assay, identification and purity criteria

Description and assay

Einecs: 242-734-6
Chemical name: Monosodium citrate; Monosodium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
Chemical formula: (a) C₆H₇O₇Na (anhydrous) (b) C₆H₇O₇Na·H₂O (monohydrate)
Molecular weight: (a) 214,11 (anhydrous) (b) 232,23 (monohydrate)
Assay: Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis
Description: Crystalline white powder or colourless crystals

Identification

Test for citrate: Passes test
Test for sodium: Passes test
pH: Between 3,5 and 3,8 (1 % aqueous solution)

Purity criteria

Loss on drying: anhydrous: not more than 1,0 % (140 °C, 0,5 hour) monohydrate: not more than 8,8 % (180 °C, 4 hours)
Oxalates: Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying
Arsenic: Not more than 1 mg/kg
Lead: Not more than 1 mg/kg
Mercury: Not more than 1 mg/kg

Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012, Annex, E 331(i)

How JECFA defines it

The international specification for identity and purity, prepared by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives and published by FAO. It is a different document from any above, written by a different body and revised on its own cycle; it is advisory, and a country adopts it or does not.

INS 331(i) Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate

Synonyms: Monosodium citrate, sodium citrate monobasic; INS No. 331(i) Monosodium citrate; Sodium citrate monobasic

Assay, identification and purity criteria

Description and assay

Specification history: Prepared at the 30th JECFA (1986), published in FNP 37 (1986) and in FNP 52 (1992). Metals and arsenic specifications revised at the 59th JECFA (2002). A group ADI 'not limited' for citric acid and its calcium, potassium, sodium and ammonium salts was established at the 23rd JECFA (1979)
DEFINITION Chemical names: Monosodium citrate, monosodium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
Chemical formula Structural formula: C 6 H 7 NaO 7
Formula weight Assay: 214.11 Not less than 99.0% and not more than 101.0%
DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL USES Solubility (Vol. 4) pH (Vol. 4) Test for citrate (Vol. 4) Test for sodium (Vol. 4) Loss on drying (Vol. 4): White, odourless crystals or crystalline powder Buffering agent, sequestrant Freely soluble in water; practically insoluble in ethanol 3.4 - 3.8 (1 in 10 soln) Passes test Passes test Not more than 0.4% (105 o , 4 h)
METHOD OF ASSAY: Weigh accurately about 180 mg of the dried sample. Dissolve it in 25 ml of water and titrate with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide (potentiometric end-point determination). Each ml of 0.1 N sodium hydroxide is equivalent to 10.706 mg of C 6 H 7 NaO 7 .

Purity criteria

Oxalate (Vol. 4) Lead (Vol. 4): Passes test Not more than 2 mg/kg Determine using an atomic absorption technique appropriate to the specified level. The selection of sample size and method of sample preparation may be based on the principles of the method described in Volume 4, “Instrumental Methods.”

FAO JECFA Monograph 1 (2006)

Every name it appears under

62 recorded names. A label may use any of them.

E number

E331
E331I

INS number

331(i)

CAS registry number

18996-35-5

As it appears in regulation

Sodium citrates

Other names

1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
C6H7NaO7
Citric acid monosodium salt
mono sodium citrate
Monosodium citrate
Monosodium Citrate Anhydrous
sodium 3,4-dicarboxy-3-hydroxybutanoate
Sodium citrate monobasic
Sodium citrate monobasic, BioXtra, anhydrous, >=99.5% (T)
Sodium citrate monobasic, purum p.a., anhydrous, >=99.0% (T)
SODIUM DIHYDROGEN CITRATE
Sodium dihydrogen citrate anhydrous
Sodium dihydrogencitrate
Sodium dihydrogencitrate, 99%
sodium,2-(carboxymethyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate
sodium;2-(2-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl)-2,4-bis(oxidanyl)-4-oxidanylidene-butanoate
sodium;3-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxy-5-oxopentanoate

Hazard reference values

Values set by assessing bodies. A body that has not set a value is not listed here.
Type	Value	Population	Assessed by	Opinion
ADI	not limited	—	JECFA	1979

Evidence and how bodies read it

Studies, and the differing conclusions regulators drew from them, are curated rather than machine-read, and none has been written for this substance yet.

Common questions

Assembled from what is above, in the words the questions are usually asked in. Each answer is the same statement the relevant section makes, with the same citations behind it.

What is INS 331(i)?: INS 331(i) is Sodium dihydrogen citrate. Sodium dihydrogen citrate, or monosodium citrate, is an acidity regulator and sequestrant used in drinks, jams and dairy products where a milder buffering effect than the trisodium salt is wanted.
What is Sodium dihydrogen citrate used for in food?: It is listed as an emulsifier, an acidity regulator and a stabiliser — the role Codex assigns it. This page shows every function each regulator records, with the citation for each.
Where is Sodium dihydrogen citrate permitted?: Of the seven regulators this site reads, Australia and New Zealand, the EU, Great Britain, South Korea and the Codex standard permit it. Each permission is for named foods at named levels, not a blanket one; the table on this page gives them with citations.
Is Sodium dihydrogen citrate vegan?: Yes. Sodium dihydrogen citrate is not derived from animals, and is suitable for vegetarians. This page says what it is made from and how.

Sources for this page

anz retrieved 2026-10-17
eu retrieved 2026-10-18
gb retrieved 2026-10-18
kr retrieved 2026-10-18
gsfa retrieved 2026-09-07
euspecs retrieved 2026-10-18
jecfaspecs retrieved 2026-09-23

Full licence terms and publisher details on Sources. How this page is built and updated: Method.

Machine-readable: a JSON record of this additive is given on request —how to ask for access.

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