Emulsifiers

Keeps oil and water, which would otherwise separate, mixed.

192 additives that at least one regulator lists as emulsifiers: 85 by Canada, 94 by United States and 122 by Codex Alimentarius. Each mark shows the term that regulator used; follow it for the citation.

A function is not a permission. Being listed here says what a regulator treats the additive as, not that it is permitted in any particular food or place — its own page shows that. Where a regulator leaves a cell empty, it has not assigned this function in the sources this site reads; it may assign another, or none.

The US column is the least complete. Only some US listings name their technical effect by citing 21 CFR 170.3(o); many, especially in part 172, describe their use in their own words, and this site does not read a function into that prose. An empty US cell says little.

AdditiveCAUSCodex
Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472a——Emulsifier
Acetylated distarch adipate E1422——Emulsifier
Acetylated distarch phosphate E1414——Emulsifier
Acetylated monoglyceridesEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Acetylated oxidized starch E1451——Emulsifier
Acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglyceridesEmulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Acid-treated starch INS 1401——Emulsifier
Agar E406Emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Alginic acid E400Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Alkaline treated starch INS 1402——Emulsifier
Aluminum stearate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Aluminum sulfate E520—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Ammonium alginate E403Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Ammonium polyphosphate INS 452(v)——Emulsifier
Ammonium salt of phosphorylated glycerideEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agent——
Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid E442——Emulsifier
ArabinogalactanEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Bakers yeast glycanEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Beeswax (yellow and white) E901——Emulsifier
Bleached starch INS 1403——Emulsifier
Bone phosphate INS 542——Emulsifier
Calcium alginate E404Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Calcium carbonate E170Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Calcium citrate E333Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate E450(vii)——Emulsifier
Calcium gluconate E578Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Calcium glycerophosphateEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Calcium hydrogen phosphate E341Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Calcium hypophosphiteEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Calcium phosphate E341Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Calcium polyphosphate E452——Emulsifier
Calcium pyrophosphate E450——Emulsifier
Calcium stearate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate E482—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Calcium sulfate E516Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Calcium tartrate E354Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Candelilla wax E902——Emulsifier
Carob bean gum E410Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Carrageenan E407Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Carrageenan with polysorbate 80—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Cassia gum E427——Emulsifier
Castor oil INS 1503—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472cEmulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent—Emulsifier
Cyclodextrin, alpha- INS 457Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Desoxycholic acid—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Dextrin INS 1400——Emulsifier
Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472e—Emulsifiers and emulsifier saltsEmulsifier
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate INS 480—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Dipotassium phosphate E340Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Disodium phosphate E339Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Distarch phosphate E1412——Emulsifier
Enzyme-modified lecithin—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts—
Ethyl alcohol—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose INS 467——Emulsifier
FurcelleranEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
GelatinEmulsifying agent; Emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Gellan gum E418Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agent——
Glycerin E422—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Glycerol ester of wood rosin E445——Emulsifier
Glyceryl monooleate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Glyceryl monostearate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Guar gum E412Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Gum arabic (Acacia gum) E414Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Gum ghatti—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Gum tragacanth E413Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Hydroxylated lecithinEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Hydroxypropyl cellulose E463Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate E1442——Emulsifier
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E464Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Hydroxypropyl starch E1440——Emulsifier
Karaya gum E416Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Konjac flour E425——Emulsifier
Lactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472b——Emulsifier
Lactitol E966——Emulsifier
Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Lactylated mono- and diglyceridesEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agent——
Lactylic esters of fatty acidsEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Lecithin E322Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Lecithin, partially hydrolysed INS 322(ii)——Emulsifier
Magnesium chloride E511Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Magnesium salts of fatty acids E470b—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Magnesium stearate INS 470(iii)——Emulsifier
Magnesium sulfate INS 518—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Maltitol INS 965(i)——Emulsifier
Maltitol syrup E965——Emulsifier
Metatartaric acid E353——Emulsifier
Methyl cellulose E461Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Methyl ethyl cellulose E465Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Microcrystalline cellulose (Cellulose gel) E460(i)——Emulsifier
Mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids E471Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Monoglyceride citrate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
MonoglyceridesEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agent——
Monosodium phosphate derivatives of mono- and diglyceridesEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts—
Monostarch phosphate E1410——Emulsifier
Oat gumEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Octenyl succinic acid (OSA) modified gum arabic E423Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent—Emulsifier
Oxidized starch E1404——Emulsifier
Pectins E440Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Pentapotassium triphosphate INS 451(ii)——Emulsifier
Phosphated distarch phosphate E1413——Emulsifier
Polydimethylsiloxane E900——Emulsifier
Polyethylene glycol E1521——Emulsifier
Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids E475Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid E476Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent—Emulsifier
Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate E432—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate E434——Emulsifier
Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate E431——Emulsifier
Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate INS 430Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent—Emulsifier
Polysorbate 60 E435Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Polysorbate 65 E436Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Polysorbate 80 E433Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Polyvinylpyrrolidone E1201——Emulsifier
Potassium acid tartrate E336—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Potassium alginate E402Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Potassium chloride E508Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate INS 340(i)——Emulsifier
Potassium lactate E326——Emulsifier
Potassium permanganate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Potassium polyphosphate E452—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Powdered cellulose E460——Emulsifier
Processed eucheuma seaweed (PES) E407a——Emulsifier
Propylene glycol E1520—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Propylene glycol alginate E405Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids E477——Emulsifier
Propylene glycol mono fatty acid estersEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying or stabilizing agent——
Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Quillaia extract type 2 INS 999(ii)Emulsifying agent—Emulsifier
Quillaia extract type I INS 999(i)——Emulsifier
Rapeseed oil—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts—
Salts of carrageenanEmulsifying agent; Emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Salts of fatty acids—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Salts of furcelleranEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Salts of myristic, palmitic and stearic acids with ammonia, calcium, potassium and sodium INS 470(i)——Emulsifier
Salts of oleic acid with calcium, potassium and sodium INS 470(ii)——Emulsifier
Silicon dioxide E551—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium acid phosphate INS 339(i)Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium acid pyrophosphate E450Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium alginate E401Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium aluminium phosphate, acidic E541—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium aluminium phosphate, basic INS 541(ii)——Emulsifier
Sodium bicarbonate E500—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium calcium polyphosphate E452——Emulsifier
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose E466Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium caseinate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium citrate INS 331(iii)Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium dihydrogen citrate INS 331(i)——Emulsifier
Sodium gluconate E576Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Sodium hexametaphosphateEmulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Sodium hypophosphite—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts—
Sodium lactate E325—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium lauryl sulfate—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium metaphosphate, insoluble—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium polyphosphate E452——Emulsifier
Sodium potassium hexametaphosphateEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Sodium potassium tartrate E337Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium pyrophosphate E450(iii)Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium stearateEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium stearoyl lactylate E481Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sodium tartrate E335Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sodium tripolyphosphate E451—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sorbitan monolaurate E493——Emulsifier
Sorbitan monooleate E494—Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sorbitan monopalmitate E495——Emulsifier
Sorbitan monostearate E491Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sorbitan trioleateEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Sorbitan tristearate E492Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent—Emulsifier
Sorbitol E420—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts—
Starch acetate E1420——Emulsifier
Starch sodium octenyl succinate E1450——Emulsifier
Starches, enzyme treated INS 1405——Emulsifier
Stearic acid—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Stearyl citrate INS 484—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrateEmulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agent——
Succinylated monoglycerides—Emulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Sucroglycerides E474——Emulsifier
Sucrose acetate isobutyrate E444——Emulsifier
Sucrose esters of fatty acids E473Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying or stabilizing agentEmulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Sucrose monoesters of lauric, palmitic or stearic acidEmulsifying agent——
Sucrose Oligoesters, Type I and Type II INS 473a—Emulsifiers and emulsifier salts; Emulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Tamarind seed polysaccharide INS 437Emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing or thickening agent—Emulsifier
Tara gum E417Emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing or thickening agent; Emulsifying agent——
Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate E450(v)Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids E479b——Emulsifier
Triacetin E1518——Emulsifier
Triethyl citrate E1505——Emulsifier
Tripotassium citrate INS 332(ii)Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier salt—
Tripotassium phosphate INS 340(iii)Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Trisodium diphosphate E450(ii)——Emulsifier
Trisodium phosphate INS 339(iii)Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Xanthan gum E415Emulsifying agent; Emulsifying, stabilizing or thickening agentEmulsifier or emulsifier saltEmulsifier
Xylitol E967——Emulsifier