Solvents and vehicles

Dissolves or extracts another substance during manufacture.

69 additives that at least one regulator lists as solvents and vehicles: 23 by Canada and 63 by United States. Each mark shows the term that regulator used; follow it for the citation.

A function is not a permission. Being listed here says what a regulator treats the additive as, not that it is permitted in any particular food or place — its own page shows that. Where a regulator leaves a cell empty, it has not assigned this function in the sources this site reads; it may assign another, or none.

The US column is the least complete. Only some US listings name their technical effect by citing 21 CFR 170.3(o); many, especially in part 172, describe their use in their own words, and this site does not read a function into that prose. An empty US cell says little.

AdditiveCAUS
1,3-Butylene glycolCarrier solventSolvent or vehicle
Acetic acid E260—Solvents and vehicles
AcetoneCarrier solvent; Extraction solventSolvent or vehicle
Acetophenone—Solvent or vehicle
Benzyl alcohol E1519Carrier solventSolvent or vehicle
Butan-1-ol—Solvent or vehicle
Caramel III - ammonia caramel E150c—Solvent or vehicle
Carbon dioxide E290Extraction solventSolvent
Carob bean gum E410—Solvent or vehicle
Castor oil INS 1503Carrier solventSolvent or vehicle
Citric acid E330—Solvent or vehicle
Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472cCarrier solvent—
Corn sugar—Solvent or vehicle
Corn syrup—Solvent or vehicle
Cyclohexane—Solvent or vehicle
Dextrin INS 1400—Solvent or vehicle
Ethanol denatured with methanolExtraction solvent—
Ethyl acetateCarrier solvent; Extraction solventSolvent or vehicle
Ethyl alcoholExtraction solvent; Carrier solventSolvent or vehicle
Ethyl cellulose E462—Solvent or vehicle
Ethyl methyl ketoneExtraction solvent—
FD&C Red No. 3 E127—Solvent or vehicle
Gelatin—Solvent or vehicle
Glycerin E422Carrier solventSolvent or vehicle
Glycerol diacetate E1517Carrier solvent—
Glyceryl monooleate—Solvents and vehicles
Gum arabic (Acacia gum) E414—Solvent or vehicle
Gum ghatti—Solvent or vehicle
Gum tragacanth E413—Solvent or vehicle
HexaneExtraction solventSolvent or vehicle
Isopropyl alcoholCarrier solvent; Extraction solventSolvent or vehicle
Isopropyl citrate INS 384—Solvents and vehicles
Lactic acid E270—Solvents and vehicles; Solvent or vehicle
Maltodextrin—Solvent or vehicle
Mannitol E421—Solvent or vehicle
Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer—Solvent or vehicle
MethanolCarrier solvent; Extraction solventSolvent or vehicle
Methylene chlorideExtraction solventSolvent or vehicle
Mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids E471Carrier solventSolvents and vehicles
Monoglyceride citrateCarrier solvent—
Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons—Solvent or vehicle
Pectins E440—Solvent or vehicle
Petrolatum—Solvent or vehicle
Petroleum naphtha—Solvent or vehicle
Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids E475—Solvent or vehicle
Polysorbate 80 E433—Solvent or vehicle
Polyvinyl alcohol E1203—Solvent or vehicle
Polyvinylpyrrolidone E1201—Solvent or vehicle
Propan-1-ol—Solvent or vehicle
Propylene glycol E1520Carrier solventSolvents and vehicles; Solvent or vehicle
Propylene glycol alginate E405—Solvent or vehicle
Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acidsCarrier solvent—
Reduced minerals whey—Solvent or vehicle
Sodium bicarbonate E500—Solvent or vehicle
Sodium caseinate—Solvent or vehicle
Sodium saccharin E954—Solvent or vehicle
Sorbitan monostearate E491—Solvent or vehicle
Sorbitol E420—Solvent or vehicle
Synthetic isoparaffinic petroleum hydrocarbons—Solvent or vehicle
Toluene—Solvent or vehicle
Triacetin E1518Carrier solventSolvents and vehicles; Solvent or vehicle
TributyrinCarrier solventSolvent or vehicle
Trichloroethylene—Solvent or vehicle
Triethyl citrate E1505Carrier solventSolvents and vehicles; Solvent or vehicle
Wheat gluten—Solvent or vehicle
Whey—Solvent or vehicle
Whey protein concentrate—Solvent or vehicle
White mineral oil—Solvent or vehicle
Xanthan gum E415—Solvent or vehicle