Petrochemical feedstocks
Synthesised from feedstocks that come out of oil or gas refining — the case for most of the azo colours and several preservatives.
This describes where the carbon came from, and nothing else. A substance synthesised from a petrochemical feedstock may be identical to one that occurs in food; vanillin is vanillin whichever route made it. The origin is recorded because readers ask, not because it bears on anything a regulator assesses.
172 additives, 160 of them synthesised from that material rather than extracted from it. A starting material describes a route, not a risk and not a dietary answer — see what this does and does not say, and the dietary indexes for the separate question of suitability.
| Additive | Identifiers | Function | ANZ | CA | EU | GB | JP | KR | US | CODEX |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane | 76-13-1 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| 1,3-Butylene glycol | 107-88-0 | Solvent | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| 4,4′-Methylenebis (2-chloroanaline) | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| 4-Hexylresorcinol | E586 INS 586 136-77-6 | Preservative | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert -butylphenol | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Acetone | 67-64-1 | Solvent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Acetone peroxides | 1336-17-0 | Flour treatment agent | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Acrylate-acrylamide resins | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Adipic acid | E355 INS 355 124-04-9 | Acidity regulator | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Amaranth | E123 INS 123 915-67-3 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Anionic methacrylate copolymer | E1207 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Anoxomer | 60837-57-2 | Antioxidant | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Azodicarbonamide | 123-77-3 | Flour treatment agent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Azorubine (Carmoisine) | E122 INS 122 3567-69-9 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Benzoic acid | E210 INS 210 65-85-0 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Benzoyl peroxide | INS 928 94-36-0 | Flour treatment agent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| beta-Carotenes, synthetic | INS 160a(i) | Colour | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Brilliant black (Black PN) | E151 INS 151 2519-30-4 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Brown FK | E154 INS 154 8062-14-4 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Brown HT | E155 INS 155 4553-89-3 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Butan-1-ol | 71-36-3 | Flavouring agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Butan-2-ol | 78-92-2 | Flavour enhancer | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Butane | E943a INS 943a 106-97-8 | Propellant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Not listed |
| Butylated hydroxyanisole | E320 INS 320 25013-16-5 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Butylated hydroxytoluene | E321 INS 321 128-37-0 | Antioxidant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium benzoate | E213 INS 213 2090-05-3 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium cyclamate | INS 952(ii) 5897-16-5 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium disodium EDTA | E385 INS 385 62-33-9 | Sequestrant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium malate, D, L- | INS 352(ii) | Acidity regulator | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium malates | E352 17482-42-7 | — | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Calcium propionate | E282 INS 282 4075-81-4 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium saccharin | E954 INS 954(ii) 6485-34-3 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Calcium sorbate | E203 INS 203 7492-55-9 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Carbomer | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Chlorofluorocarbon 113 and perfluorohexane | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Chlorofluorocarbon propellants | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Chloromethylated aminated styrene-divinylbenzene resin | 60177-39-1 | Processing aid | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Chloropentafluoroethane | 76-15-3 | Propellant | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Choline chloride | 67-48-1 | Nutrient supplement | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Not listed |
| Citrus Red No. 2 | 6358-53-8 | Colour | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Copolymer condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Coumarone-indene resin | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Cyclamate and its derivatives | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Cyclamic acid | INS 952(i) | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salts | E952 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Cyclohexane | 110-82-7 | Solvent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Dehydroacetic acid | 520-45-6 | Preservative | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Dichlorodifluoromethane | 75-71-8 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Diethyl ether | 60-29-7 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether | 111-90-0 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Dimethyl dicarbonate | E242 INS 242 4525-33-1 | Preservative | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Dimethylamine-epichlorohydrin copolymer | 25988-97-0 | Processing aid | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate | INS 480 577-11-7 | Emulsifier | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Diphenyl | INS 230 92-52-4 | Flavour enhancer | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Disodium EDTA | INS 386 139-33-3 | Sequestrant | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Divinylbenzene copolymer | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| dl-alpha-Tocopherol | INS 307c 10191-41-0 | Antioxidant | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Dulcin | 150-69-6 | Sweetener | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Ethoxyquin | 91-53-2 | Antioxidant | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Ethyl methyl ketone | 78-93-3 | Flavouring agent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate | E214 INS 214 120-47-8 | Preservative | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Ethylene dichloride | 107-06-2 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Ethylene oxide polymer | 9002-90-8 | Thickener | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Fast Red E | 2302-96-7 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| FD&C Blue No. 1 | E133 INS 133 3844-45-9 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| FD&C Blue No. 2 | E132 INS 132 860-22-0 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| FD&C Green No. 3 | INS 143 2353-45-9 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| FD&C Red No. 3 | E127 INS 127 16423-68-0 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Phase-out announced | Permitted, with conditions |
| FD&C Red No. 4 | 4548-53-2 | Colour | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| FD&C Red No. 40 | E129 INS 129 25956-17-6 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| FD&C Yellow No. 5 | E102 INS 102 1934-21-0 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| FD&C Yellow No. 6 | E110 INS 110 2783-94-0 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Flectol H | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Fumaric acid | E297 INS 297 110-17-8 | Acidity regulator | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Fumaric acid and salts of fumaric acid | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Green S | E142 3087-16-9 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Heptanes | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Heptylparaben | 1085-12-7 | Antioxidant | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Hexamethylene tetramine | E239 INS 239 100-97-0 | Preservative | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Hexane | 110-54-3 | Solvent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Hydrogenated 4,4′-isopropylidene-diphenolphosphite ester resins | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Hydrogenated poly-1-decenes | E907 INS 907 | Glazing agent | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Ion-exchange membranes | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Ion-exchange resins | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Isoamyl acetate | 123-92-2 | Flavouring agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Isobutane | E943b 75-28-5 | Propellant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed |
| Isobutanol | 78-83-1 | Flavouring agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Isopropyl acetate | 108-21-4 | Flavouring agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Isopropyl alcohol | 67-63-0 | Solvent | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Light petroleum | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Litholrubine BK | E180 5281-04-9 | Colour | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Lycopene, synthetic | INS 160d(i) | Colour | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Malic acid | E296 INS 296 6915-15-7 | Acidity regulator | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Methacrylate copolymer, basic (BMC) | E1205 INS 1205 24938-16-7 | Glazing agent | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer | 50602-21-6 | Solvent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Methanol | 67-56-1 | Solvent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Methyl alcohol residues | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Methylene chloride | 75-09-2 | Solvent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Methylparaben | E218 INS 218 99-76-3 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Mineral oil, high viscosity | INS 905d | Glazing agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Mineral oil, medium viscosity | INS 905e | Glazing agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Modified polyacrylamide resin | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Molecular sieve resins | 68954-24-5 | Processing aid | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Monochloroacetic acid | 79-11-8 | Preservative | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Morpholine | 110-91-8 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| n-Butane and iso-butane | — | Propellant | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed |
| Neutral Methacrylate Copolymer | E1206 9010-88-2 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Octafluorocyclobutane | 115-25-3 | Propellant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Octenyl succinic anhydride | 7757-96-2 | Dough strengthener | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons | — | Solvent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Orange B | 15139-76-1 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Delisted | Not listed |
| Oxidised polyethylene wax | E914 68441-17-8 | Glazing agent | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| P-4000 | 553-79-7 | Sweetener | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Not listed |
| Paraffin wax | 8002-74-2 | Flavour enhancer | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Patent Blue V | E131 3536-49-0 | Colour | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Perfluorinated ion exchange membranes | 31175-20-9 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Petrolatum | 8009-03-8 | Lubricant or release agent | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Petroleum naphtha | 8030-30-6 | Solvent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Petroleum wax | E905 INS 905c(i) 63231-60-7 | Glazing agent | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Polyacrylamide | 9003-05-8 | Formulation aid | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Polyethylene glycol | E1521 INS 1521 25322-68-3 | Antifoaming agent | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Polymaleic acid and its sodium salt | 26099-09-2 | Processing aid | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Polyvinyl alcohol | E1203 INS 1203 9002-89-5 | Thickener | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) – Polyethylene glycol (PEG) graft copolymer | E1209 INS 1209 96734-39-3 | Stabiliser | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone | E1202 25249-54-1 | Stabiliser | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted |
| Polyvinylpyrrolidone | E1201 INS 1201 9003-39-8 | Thickener | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| Polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer | E1208 25086-89-9 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Ponceau 4R (Cochineal red A) | E124 INS 124 2611-82-7 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Potassium adipate | E357 | — | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Potassium benzoate | E212 INS 212 582-25-2 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Potassium malate | E351 585-09-1 | — | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Potassium propionate | E283 INS 283 327-62-8 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted |
| Potassium saccharin | E954 INS 954(iii) 10332-51-1 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Potassium sorbate | E202 INS 202 24634-61-5 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Propan-1-ol | 71-23-8 | Flavouring agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Propane | E944 74-98-6 | Propellant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed |
| Propionic acid | E280 INS 280 79-09-4 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Propylene glycol | E1520 INS 1520 57-55-6 | Humectant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Propylene oxide | 75-56-9 | Starch-modifying agent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Propylparaben | 94-13-3 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed |
| Quaternary ammonium chloride combination | — | Preservative | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Quinoline yellow | E104 INS 104 8004-92-0 | Colour | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Saccharin | E954 INS 954(i) 81-07-2 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium adipate | E356 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Sodium benzoate | E211 INS 211 532-32-1 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium cyclamate | INS 952(iv) 139-05-9 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Prohibited | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium DL-malate | INS 350(ii) | Acidity regulator | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate | 25155-30-0 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate | E215 35285-68-8 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Sodium fumarates | INS 365 | Acidity regulator | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium hydrogen DL-malate | INS 350(i) | Acidity regulator | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium malates | E350 676-46-0 | — | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate | E219 5026-62-0 | Preservative | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Sodium methyl sulfate | 512-42-5 | Firming agent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates | — | Anticaking agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Sodium polyacrylate | 9003-04-7 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Sodium propionate | E281 INS 281 137-40-6 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium saccharin | E954 INS 954(iv) 128-44-9 | Sweetener | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions |
| Sodium sorbate | 7757-81-5 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted | Not listed |
| Sorbic acid | E200 INS 200 110-44-1 | Preservative | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Synthetic fatty alcohols | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Synthetic isoparaffinic petroleum hydrocarbons | — | Surface-active agent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Synthetic paraffin and succinic derivatives | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Synthetic petroleum wax | — | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| TBHQ | E319 INS 319 1948-33-0 | Antioxidant | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions | Permitted, with conditions |
| THBP | 1421-63-2 | Antioxidant | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Thiodipropionic acid | INS 388 111-17-1 | Antioxidant | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted | Permitted, with conditions |
| Toluene | 108-88-3 | Solvent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed |
| Trichloroethylene | 79-01-6 | Solvent | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid | 1493-13-6 | — | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
| White mineral oil | 8042-47-5 | Glazing agent | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Permitted, with conditions | Not listed |
Also: plants, animal sources, insects, fermentation, minerals and inorganic salts, other and mixed routes.