Australia and New Zealand and South Korea

Food additives permitted in one and not the other — and what each gap actually means.

230 additives are permitted in both. 121 are permitted in Australia and New Zealand with no permission in South Korea, none of them explicitly prohibited there. 232 are permitted in South Korea with no permission in Australia and New Zealand, none of them explicitly prohibited there.

A missing permission is rarely a ban. Usually no one has applied, the substance is named or grouped differently, or it falls under a different law. Only the first two groups below — prohibited, and removed — record a regulator’s decision against a substance, and even those are decisions about legal status, not findings this site draws about safety.

Permitted in Australia and New Zealand, no permission in South Korea

No South Korean listing matched 121

This site imports Part III of South Korea’s Standards and Specifications for Food Additives, and matches it by CAS number, then INS number, then exact name. A substance the notification lists under an identifier or name this site has not matched, or one held for review because its identifiers disagreed with a page’s, will appear here. Treat these as unconfirmed, not as absent.

AdditiveFunctionIn Australia and New Zealand
4-Hexylresorcinol E586Antioxidant1 provision
Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472aEmulsifier54 provisions
Acetylated distarch adipate E1422Emulsifier57 provisions
Acetylated distarch phosphate E1414Emulsifier57 provisions
Acetylated oxidized starch E1451Emulsifier54 provisions
Acid-treated starch INS 1401Emulsifier54 provisions
Advantame E969Flavour enhancer54 provisions
Agar E406Bulking agent54 provisions
Alitame INS 956Sweetener20 provisions
Alkaline treated starch INS 1402Emulsifier54 provisions
AlkanetColour47 provisions
Aluminium E173Colour2 provisions
Ammonium carbonates E503—56 provisions
Aspartame-acesulfame salt E962Sweetener25 provisions
Azorubine (Carmoisine) E122Colour44 provisions
Blackcurrant extract INS 163(iii)—47 provisions
Bleached starch INS 1403Emulsifier54 provisions
Bone phosphate INS 542Anticaking agent1 provision
Brilliant black (Black PN) E151Colour44 provisions
Brown HT E155Colour44 provisions
Calcium aluminium silicate E556—55 provisions
Calcium cyclamate INS 952(ii)Sweetener9 provisions
Calcium fumarateNutrient supplement54 provisions
Calcium lignosulfonateSurface-active agent54 provisions
Calcium malates E352—54 provisions
Calcium polyphosphate E452Acidity regulator55 provisions
Calcium pyrophosphate E450Acidity regulator55 provisions
Calcium saccharin E954Sweetener13 provisions
Calcium tartrate E354Emulsifier55 provisions
Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472cAntioxidant56 provisions
Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins E141Colour47 provisions
Cyclamic acid INS 952(i)Sweetener9 provisions
Cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salts E952Sweetener9 provisions
Delta-tocopherol E309—3 provisions
Dextrin INS 1400Carrier54 provisions
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate INS 480Emulsifier4 provisions
Distarch phosphate E1412Emulsifier57 provisions
Dodecyl gallate INS 312Antioxidant2 provisions
Ethyl alcoholPreservative2 provisions
Ethyl maltol INS 637Flavour enhancer2 provisions
Extracts of rosemary E392Flavouring agent19 provisions
Fatty acids E570Formulation aid54 provisions
Gamma-tocopherol E308—3 provisions
Glycerol diacetate E1517Carrier1 provision
Green S E142Colour44 provisions
Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate E1442Anticaking agent54 provisions
Hydroxypropyl starch E1440Emulsifier57 provisions
Iron oxide, black INS 172(i)Colour47 provisions
Iron oxides and hydroxides E172Colour47 provisions
Isobutane E943bPropellant54 provisions
L-Cysteine E920Dough strengthener2 provisions
Lactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol E472bEmulsifier54 provisions
Lauric arginate ethyl ester E243Preservative16 provisions
Lycopene E160dFlavouring agent47 provisions
Magnesium dihydrogen diphosphate E450(ix)Acidity regulator55 provisions
Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate INS 343(i)Acidity regulator55 provisions
Magnesium phosphates E343—55 provisions
Mannoproteins from yeast cell walls INS 455Stabiliser55 provisions
Metatartaric acid E353Acidity regulator57 provisions
Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids E472f—54 provisions
Monk fruit extractSweetener56 provisions
Mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids E471Antifoaming agent60 provisions
Monoacetin—1 provision
Monostarch phosphate E1410Emulsifier54 provisions
OctafluorocyclobutanePropellant54 provisions
Octyl gallate INS 311Antioxidant2 provisions
Oxidised polyethylene wax E914Glazing agent1 provision
Oxidized starch E1404Emulsifier54 provisions
Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin E160cColour47 provisions
PetrolatumLubricant or release agent54 provisions
Phosphated distarch phosphate E1413Emulsifier57 provisions
Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate E431Emulsifier2 provisions
Polyvinylpyrrolidone E1201Emulsifier1 provision
Potassium adipate E357—54 provisions
Potassium aluminium silicate E555—2 provisions
Potassium bisulfite E228Preservative39 provisions
Potassium citrates E332—57 provisions
Potassium diacetatePreservative55 provisions
Potassium fumarateNutrient supplement54 provisions
Potassium malate E351—54 provisions
Potassium nitrite E249Colour retention agent5 provisions
Potassium polyaspartate E456Stabiliser1 provision
Potassium propionate E283Preservative4 provisions
Potassium saccharin E954Sweetener13 provisions
Potassium sulfite INS 225Antioxidant39 provisions
Potassium sulphates E515—54 provisions
Potassium tartrateAcidity regulator57 provisions
Processed eucheuma seaweed (PES) E407aBulking agent54 provisions
Propane E944Propellant54 provisions
PropylparabenPreservative1 provision
Quillaia extract type 2 INS 999(ii)Emulsifier8 provisions
Quillaia extract type I INS 999(i)Emulsifier8 provisions
Quinine—3 provisions
Quinoline yellow E104Colour44 provisions
Saccharin E954Sweetener13 provisions
SaffronColour47 provisions
Silver E174Colour2 provisions
Sodium calcium polyphosphate E452Acidity regulator55 provisions
Sodium citrates E331—57 provisions
Sodium cyclamate INS 952(iv)Sweetener9 provisions
Sodium hydrogen DL-malate INS 350(i)Acidity regulator54 provisions
Sodium malates E350—54 provisions
Sodium metaphosphate, insolubleEmulsifier55 provisions
Sodium polyphosphate E452Acidity regulator55 provisions
Sodium sorbatePreservative34 provisions
Sodium sulphates E514—54 provisions
Sorbitan monostearate E491Emulsifier56 provisions
Sorbitan tristearate E492Emulsifier54 provisions
Sorbitol syrup INS 420(ii)Bulking agent54 provisions
Stannous chloride E512Antioxidant1 provision
Starch acetate E1420Emulsifier54 provisions
Starch sodium octenyl succinate E1450Carrier57 provisions
Starches, enzyme treated INS 1405Emulsifier54 provisions
Sucrose acetate isobutyrate E444Emulsifier4 provisions
Sucrose esters of fatty acids E473Emulsifier55 provisions
Synthetic iron oxideColour47 provisions
Triammonium citrate E380Acidity regulator56 provisions
Triethyl citrate E1505Carrier2 provisions
TurmericColour47 provisions
Vegetable carbon E153Colour47 provisions
β-Apo-8′-carotenalColour48 provisions

Permitted in South Korea, no permission in Australia and New Zealand

Possibly covered by a related listing in Australia and New Zealand 12

Australia and New Zealand lists a substance under the same number — often a group entry such as “E 322 Lecithins” where the other regulator lists a single form. This site cannot tell whether that listing covers this form, so these are not counted as absent.

Regulated outside the additives list in Australia and New Zealand 88

Every function regulators give these — flavouring, enzyme, nutrient, solvent or processing aid — is one Australia and New Zealand regulates under separate rules, so they would not be expected on its list of food additives. Their absence here says nothing about whether Australia and New Zealand permits them.

AdditiveFunctionIn South Korea
1-DecanolFlavouring agent1 provision
AcetophenoneFlavouring agent1 provision
Activated carbonProcessing aid1 provision
Allyl caproateFlavouring agent1 provision
Allyl cyclohexanepropionateFlavouring agent1 provision
Allyl isothiocyanateFlavouring agent1 provision
AnisaldehydeFlavouring agent1 provision
Benzyl acetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Benzyl propionateFlavouring agent1 provision
BetaineFlavouring agent1 provision
Butyl acetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Butyl butyrateFlavouring agent1 provision
Calcium pantothenateNutrient supplement1 provision
Caprylic acidFlavouring agent1 provision
Choline bitartrateNutrient supplement1 provision
Choline chlorideNutrient supplement1 provision
Cinnamic acidFlavouring agent1 provision
Cinnamyl acetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Cinnamyl alcoholFlavouring agent1 provision
CitronellalFlavouring agent1 provision
CitronellolFlavouring agent1 provision
Citronellyl acetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Citronellyl formateFlavouring agent1 provision
Copper sulfateNutrient supplement1 provision
D-RiboseFlavouring agent1 provision
Dammar gumProcessing aid1 provision
DL-AlanineFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl acetoacetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl cinnamateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl decanoateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl heptanoateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl hexanoateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl isovalerateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl octanoateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl phenylacetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Ethyl propionateFlavouring agent1 provision
EucalyptolFlavouring agent1 provision
Ferric chlorideFlavouring agent1 provision
Ferric phosphateNutrient supplement1 provision
Ferric pyrophosphateNutrient supplement1 provision
Ferrous fumarateNutrient supplement1 provision
Folic acid (folacin)Nutrient supplement1 provision
Geranyl formateFlavouring agent1 provision
HexaneSolvent1 provision
HydroxycitronellalFlavouring agent1 provision
InositolNutrient supplement1 provision
Isoamyl acetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Isoamyl butyrateFlavouring agent1 provision
Isoamyl formateFlavouring agent1 provision
Isoamyl isovalerateFlavouring agent1 provision
Isoamyl propionateFlavouring agent1 provision
Isobutyl phenylacetateFlavouring agent1 provision
IsoeugenolFlavouring agent1 provision
L-ArginineNutrient supplement1 provision
L-CarnitineNutrient supplement1 provision
L-IsoleucineFlavouring agent1 provision
L-LysineNutrient supplement1 provision
L-TryptophanNutrient supplement1 provision
L-TyrosineFlavouring agent1 provision
L-ValineFlavouring agent1 provision
Manganese chlorideNutrient supplement1 provision
Manganese gluconateNutrient supplement1 provision
Methyl cinnamateFlavouring agent1 provision
Methyl β-naphthyl ketoneFlavouring agent1 provision
NiacinNutrient supplement1 provision
NickelProcessing aid1 provision
OctanalFlavouring agent1 provision
p-Methyl acetophenoneFlavouring agent1 provision
PancreatinEnzyme1 provision
PepsinEnzyme1 provision
Phenylethyl acetateFlavouring agent1 provision
Potassium iodideNutrient supplement1 provision
Pyridoxine hydrochlorideNutrient supplement1 provision
Sodium metasilicateProcessing aid1 provision
Sodium pantothenateNutrient supplement1 provision
TaurineFlavouring agent1 provision
Thiamine hydrochlorideFlavouring agent1 provision
Thiamine mononitrateNutrient supplement1 provision
TrypsinEnzyme1 provision
Vitamin B12Nutrient supplement1 provision
Vitamin D2Nutrient supplement1 provision
Vitamin D3Nutrient supplement1 provision
Zinc gluconateNutrient supplement1 provision
α-AmylcinnamaldehydeFlavouring agent1 provision
α-IononeFlavouring agent1 provision
β-IononeFlavouring agent1 provision
γ-NonalactoneFlavouring agent1 provision
γ-UndecalactoneFlavouring agent1 provision

Not on Australia and New Zealand’s list 132

Australia and New Zealand permits food additives only where it lists them, and these are not listed. That is not a finding against the substance: usually no one has applied for authorisation there. It does mean they may not be used as food additives in Australia and New Zealand today.

AdditiveFunctionIn South Korea
AcetoneFlavour enhancer1 provision
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate—1 provision
Aluminium ammonium sulfate E523Acidity regulator1 provision
Aluminum potassium sulfate E522Firming agent1 provision
Ammonium hydroxide E527Acidity regulator1 provision
Ammonium molybdate—1 provision
Ammonium persulfatePreservative1 provision
Ammonium sulfate E517Dough strengthener1 provision
Annatto extractColour1 provision
Annatto extracts, norbixin-based E160b(ii)Colour1 provision
AzodicarbonamideDough strengthener1 provision
Benzoyl peroxide INS 928Bleaching agent1 provision
BiotinNutrient supplement1 provision
Boiler water additives—1 provision
Branching glucosyltransferase from Rhodothermus obamensis—1 provision
Calcium 5'-guanylate E629Flavour enhancer1 provision
Calcium 5'-inosinate E633Flavour enhancer1 provision
Calcium 5'-ribonucleotides E634Flavour enhancer1 provision
Calcium ferrocyanide E538Anticaking agent1 provision
Calcium glycerophosphateNutrient supplement1 provision
Calcium hypochloriteStarch-modifying agent1 provision
Calcium stearateFlavouring agent1 provision
Candelilla wax E902Carrier1 provision
Carthamus red—1 provision
Carthamus yellow—1 provision
Castor oil INS 1503Anticaking agent1 provision
ChitosanPreservative1 provision
Chlorine INS 925Flour treatment agent1 provision
Chlorine dioxide E926Preservative1 provision
Chromium(III) chloride—1 provision
Copper gluconateNutrient supplement1 provision
Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Cross-linked-cellulose gum) E468Stabiliser1 provision
Curdlan INS 424Firming agent1 provision
Cytidine 5'-monophosphate—1 provision
D-XyloseFlavouring agent1 provision
Dehydroacetic acidPreservative1 provision
Diatomaceous earth—1 provision
Dibenzoylthiamine—1 provision
Dibenzoylthiamine hydrochloride—1 provision
Dipotassium 5'-guanylate E628Flavour enhancer1 provision
Disodium 5'-cytidylate—1 provision
Disodium 5'-uridylate—1 provision
Disodium EDTA INS 386Antioxidant1 provision
Disodium glycyrrhizinate—1 provision
Disodium succinate INS 364(ii)Flavour enhancer1 provision
DL-MethionineFlavour enhancer1 provision
DL-Tartaric acid—1 provision
DL-Threonine—1 provision
DL-Tryptophan—1 provision
Ethyl cellulose E462Bulking agent1 provision
Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate E214Preservative1 provision
Ferric sodium pyrophosphate—1 provision
Ferrous lactate E585Colour retention agent1 provision
Ferrous sulfateNutrient supplement1 provision
Ferulic acid—1 provision
Formic acidFlavour enhancer1 provision
FurcelleranProcessing aid1 provision
Gardenia blue INS 165—1 provision
GelatinAnticaking agent1 provision
Gluconic acid E574Nutrient supplement1 provision
Glucose oxidase INS 1102Antioxidant1 provision
Guanylic acid, 5'- E626Flavour enhancer1 provision
Gum ghattiCarrier1 provision
Hydrogen E949—1 provision
Hydrogen peroxidePreservative1 provision
Inosinic acid, 5'- E630Flavour enhancer1 provision
Invertase E1103—1 provision
Konjac flour E425Carrier1 provision
L-AsparagineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-Aspartic acidFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-GlutamineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-HistidineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-Histidine hydrochloride—1 provision
L-Lysine monohydrochloride—1 provision
L-MethionineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-PhenylalanineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-ProlineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-SerineFlavour enhancer1 provision
L-Theanine—1 provision
L-ThreonineFlavour enhancer1 provision
Magnesium gluconate INS 580Acidity regulator1 provision
Magnesium hydroxide E528Acidity regulator1 provision
Magnesium stearate INS 470(iii)Anticaking agent1 provision
Manganese sulfateNutrient supplement1 provision
MethanolSolvent1 provision
Methyl N-methylanthranilateFlavour enhancer1 provision
Methyltetrahydrofolate, glucosamine salt—1 provision
Mica-based pearlescent pigmentsColour1 provision
Modified hop extract—1 provision
Naringin—1 provision
NiacinamideNutrient supplement1 provision
Oxalic acid—1 provision
Oxygen E948—1 provision
OxystearinProcessing aid1 provision
Paprika oleoresinColour1 provision
Peracetic acidAcidity regulator1 provision
Perlite—1 provision
Petroleum wax E905Antifoaming agent1 provision
Phytic acid INS 391—1 provision
Polyglycitol syrup E964Sweetener1 provision
Polyvinyl alcohol E1203Glazing agent1 provision
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone E1202Colour retention agent1 provision
Potassium 5’-inosinate E632Flavour enhancer1 provision
Potassium glycerophosphate—1 provision
Potassium iodateDough strengthener1 provision
Psyllium seed gum—1 provision
Pullulan E1204Glazing agent1 provision
Quercetin—1 provision
Rice bran waxLubricant or release agent1 provision
Rutin—1 provision
Salts of oleic acid with calcium, potassium and sodium INS 470(ii)Anticaking agent1 provision
Sandalwood red INS 166—1 provision
Sodium caseinateAnticaking agent1 provision
Sodium fluorideStabiliser1 provision
Sodium hypochloriteDough strengthener1 provision
Sodium lauryl sulfateEmulsifier1 provision
Sodium methoxide—1 provision
Sodium molybdate—1 provision
Sodium polyacrylate—1 provision
Sodium selenate—1 provision
Sodium selenite—1 provision
Sulfuric acid E513Acidity regulator1 provision
Tamarind seed polysaccharide INS 437Emulsifier1 provision
Thiamine lauryl sulfate—1 provision
Thiamine naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate—1 provision
Thiamine thiocyanate—1 provision
Vitamin K1—1 provision
Vitamin K2—1 provision
Zinc oxideColour1 provision
Zinc sulfateNutrient supplement1 provision
α-Tocopherol acetate—1 provision
ε-Polylysine—1 provision

What this page is not

It is not a list of unsafe additives, and a regulator permitting something is not this site’s endorsement of it. Regulators reach different decisions on the same evidence, on different applications, and at different times. Each additive’s page shows every jurisdiction’s status with its citation, and where an assessing body has published a reading of the evidence, that reading, attributed.

Counts are of this site’s additive pages, which follow the regulators’ own listings: a group entry in one jurisdiction can correspond to several pages in another. Status as retrieved from each source; see Sources for dates.